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UK GCSE 2009 : Foundation Tier, Unit 2: Science for the needs of Society

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2009 Unit 2: Science for the needs of Society Foundation Tier GDS21 Applied Science Double Award [GDS21] THURSDAY 4 JUNE, MORNING TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all eight questions. For Examiner s use only Question Number INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 90. Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total Marks 4599 Marks 1 Things we use every day are made from many different materials as shown in the table below. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) (i) Complete the table. The first one has been completed for you. Object/Use Chair Material Type of Material Wood Polymer ____________ Metal Fibreglass ____________ ____________ Polymer Gold ____________ Nail Canoe Toy doll Wedding ring [4] (ii) Which material used in the table above can be used straight from the ground? ______________________ [1] 4599 2 [Turn over (iii) Name one material from the table made from long chain molecules. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________ [1] (iv) State two reasons why fibreglass is used to make a canoe. 1. ____________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (b) Wood is classified as an organic compound. Name the element that is always found in organic compounds. ______________________ [1] 4599 3 [Turn over 2 The blood transports many substances that the human body needs to stay healthy. Examiner Only Marks Remark Look at the diagram of blood below. A B D C Sandra Agius Darmainn/www.bioclix.org Platelets Red cell White cell Plasma (a) Using the words in the box, name the parts of the blood labelled. A __________________________ B __________________________ C __________________________ D __________________________ [4] (b) Match the parts of the blood to their function by drawing a line between the boxes. One has been drawn for you. red cell plasma helps form clots at the site of a cut platelet fights disease white cell 4599 transports oxygen carries dissolved food and hormones [3] 4 [Turn over (c) What is the name of blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart? Examiner Only Marks Remark ____________________________ [1] (d) What is the name of blood vessels which have valves along them? ____________________________ [1] (e) What is the name of the process by which cells use oxygen to make energy? ____________________________ [1] (f) State and describe the process by which oxygen leaves the blood and transfers into the cells. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] 4599 5 [Turn over 3 Rock salt is a mixture of substances, some of which dissolve in water and some of which do not dissolve. Rock salt is the main source of sodium chloride. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) (i) What is the chemical formula for sodium chloride? ____________________________ [1] (ii) Put the following steps used to separate sodium chloride from rock salt in the correct order. Order Evaporate the water from the salt solution Crush the rock salt to a powder using a pestle and mortar Filter the mixture Add water to the rock salt mixture [2] (iii) Label the diagram of the experiment used to filter the rock salt mixture. A B C A __________________________ B __________________________ C __________________________ 4599 [3] 6 [Turn over (b) Draw a ring around the best container to use when evaporating the water from the salt solution. Examiner Only Marks Remark [1] (c) Sodium is a metal from Group 1 of the Periodic Table of elements. What is an element? __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (d) A diagram of a sodium atom is shown below. 11p 12n (i) What is the atomic number of sodium? ______________________ [1] (ii) What is the mass number of sodium? ______________________ [1] 4599 7 [Turn over BLANK PAGE 4599 8 [Turn over 4 Plants need water to live. Examiner Only Marks Remark www.gardenaction.com (a) Name one other thing that plants need to stay alive. ___________________________________ [1] Plants make food by photosynthesis. (b) (i) Complete the word equation for photosynthesis. Water + Light + Oxygen [2] (ii) In which part of the plant does photosynthesis take place? ___________________________________ [1] (iii) What is the name of the green pigment in plants which is needed for photosynthesis? ___________________________________ [1] (c) Plant scientists study how water moves in and out of plant cells by osmosis. Describe the process of osmosis. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [3] 4599 9 [Turn over (d) A student set up an experiment to investigate osmosis. Examiner Only Marks Remark Capillary tube 200 150 100 50 Level of solution at start 0 Beaker Visking tubing containing concentrated sugar solution Water Longman Foundation for Science for GCSE by Mark Levesley, published by Pearson Education Ltd, 2001 The student measured the height of the sugar solution in the glass tube for 10 minutes. The results are recorded in the table below. Time in minutes Height of sugar solution in mm 0 1 20 2 40 3 50 4 60 5 70 10 4599 0 100 10 [Turn over (i) Plot the points on the grid below. Examiner Only Marks Remark 120 110 100 90 80 Height of sugar solution in mm 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Time in minutes (ii) Join the points with a curved line of best fit. [2] [1] (iii) Use your graph to estimate the height of the sugar solution after 7 minutes. Height = _______________ mm [1] (iv) Explain why the level of the sugar solution rises in the glass tube during the experiment. ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] 4599 11 [Turn over 5 Thousands of cans of deodorant are sold in shops every year. Examiner Only DEODORANT Marks Remark www.viewpoints.com (a) Which type of mixture is a deodorant? ______________________ [1] Deodorants break up sweat to prevent body odour. (b) Why does the body produce sweat? __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] Many deodorants contain fragrances to make them smell pleasant. (c) What is a major source of perfumes? ______________________ [1] Deodorants contain a mixture of substances, including sodium, calcium and aluminium compounds. (d) What is meant by the term compound? __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] 4599 12 [Turn over (e) Complete the table below. Examiner Only Marks Name Remark Formula H2O Magnesium oxide CaCO3 Sodium sulphate [4] 4599 13 [Turn over 6 Many modern hairdressers use straighteners to style hair. A simple diagram of straighteners is shown below. 100% Pure Ceramic Plates Examiner Only Marks Remark Stainless Steel Finish Five Ultra-High-Heat Levels with LED Temperature Display (a) Give two reasons why ceramic is used to make the plates. 1. ________________________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________________ [2] The table below shows different models of straighteners . Model Type A 110 2 B 240 1.5 C 4599 Voltage (V) Current (A) 240 0.5 14 Power (W) 220 120 [Turn over (b) (i) Using the data provided, calculate the power of model type B. Clearly show your workings. Examiner Only Marks Remark Power = ___________ W [2] (ii) Which of the straighteners (A, B or C) would cost least to run? _____________ Reason ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [2] 4599 15 [Turn over 7 Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) are specially designed vehicles that can operate on alcohol, petrol or any combination of the two, like in the Ford Taurus (pictured below). Petrol comes from crude oil. Petrol is a fossil fuel. Examiner Only Marks Remark Reproduced with kind permission of Ford Motor Company (a) Name the process by which petrol is separated from crude oil. ________________________________ [1] (b) Describe how a fossil fuel is formed. __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (c) State two advantages of developing flexible fuel vehicles. 1. _______________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________ [2] 4599 16 [Turn over The combustion of petrol in a car engine releases 18 000 kilojoules of energy in one minute. Examiner Only Marks Remark (d) (i) Using the equation below, calculate the input power from the combustion of the petrol. Clearly show your workings. Energy (kilojoules) Input Power (kilowatts) = Time (seconds) Input power ______________ kilowatts [3] (ii) Use your answer to part (i) and the equation below to calculate the % efficiency of the engine if it has a power output of 75 kilowatts. Clearly show your workings. Output Power (kilowatts) % Efficiency = 100 Input Power (kilowatts) % Efficiency ______________ [2] (iii) State one way by which engineers could make the car more efficient. ____________________________________________________ [1] 4599 17 [Turn over (e) Ethanol, C2H5OH, is an alcohol. Alcohol burns in air, with a clean flame, to produce heat. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Complete the word equation for the combustion of ethanol in air. Water + Ethanol + [2] (ii) What is the name given to reactions which give out energy? ___________________________ [1] (iii) Complete the table below. Chemical symbol for element Name of element C O H [3] (iv) How many atoms make up one molecule of ethanol, C2H5OH? ____________ [1] 4599 18 [Turn over 8 Horse racing is a multi-million pound industry. Horse breeders are paid a lot of money to produce horses which will win at the races. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Name and describe the process which horse breeders use to produce horses with winning characteristics. Name: ________________________________________________ [1] Description: _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) The colour and pattern of a horse s coat is an inherited characteristic. Black (B) is the dominant allele. White (b) is the recessive allele. Black horse White horse (i) What is an allele? ____________________________________________________ [1] (ii) State the possible genotypes of a horse with a black coat. ____________________ and ____________________ [2] (iii) Complete the Punnett square below to show how two black horses may produce white offspring. BLACK B b B L A C K [2] (iv) State the genotype of the white offspring __________________ [1] 4599 19 [Turn over Horses can develop a fungal infection of the hoof which will make them lame if not treated. Examiner Only Marks Remark (c) (i) State two conditions in which fungus grows best. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Explain why a vet would not treat this condition with an antibiotic. ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] Scientists are trying to breed horses which are resistant to some common diseases. They use a process known as genetic engineering. (d) Explain what is meant by genetic engineering. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 4599 20 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. 938-041-1 24 [Turn over

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