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UK GCSE 2009 : Higher Tier, Unit 2: Science for the needs of Society

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2009 Unit 2: Science for the needs of Society Higher Tier GDS22 Applied Science Double Award [GDS22] THURSDAY 4 JUNE, MORNING TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all eight questions. For Examiner s use only Question Number INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 90. Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total Marks 4600 Marks BLANK PAGE 4600 2 [Turn over 1 Many household products are mixtures of substances. Examiner Only Marks Toot h Remark past DEODORANT e Deodorant Toothpaste (a) What type of mixtures are Deodorant? ________________________ Toothpaste? ________________________ [2] (b) Deodorants contain a mixture of substances, including sodium, calcium and aluminium compounds. What is meant by the term compound? __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (c) Complete the table below. Name Formula Sodium sulphate CaCO3 Magnesium oxide CH4 [2] 4600 3 [Turn over 2 Many modern hairdressers use straighteners to style hair. A simple diagram of straighteners is shown below. 100% Pure Ceramic Plates Examiner Only Marks Remark Stainless Steel Finish Five Ultra-High-Heat Levels with LED Temperature Display (a) Give two reasons why ceramic is used to make the plates. 1. _______________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ [2] The table below shows different models of straighteners . Model Type A 110 2 B 240 1.5 C 4600 Voltage (V) Current (A) 240 0.5 4 Power (W) 220 120 [Turn over (b) (i) Using the data provided, calculate the power of model type B. Clearly show your workings. Examiner Only Marks Remark Power = ___________ W [2] (ii) Which of the straighteners , (A, B or C) would cost least to run? _____________ [1] Reason ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] 4600 5 [Turn over BLANK PAGE 4600 6 [Turn over 3 The blood transports many substances that the human body needs to stay healthy. Examiner Only Marks Remark Look at the diagram of blood below. A B D C Sandra Agius Darmainn/www.bioclix.org (a) From the drawing, name the parts of the blood labelled. A __________________________ B __________________________ C __________________________ D __________________________ [4] (b) Give one job of: Plasma: __________________________________________________ Platelets: _________________________________________________ White cells: ____________________________________________ [3] (c) What is the name of blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart? ____________________________ [1] (d) What is the name of the process by which cells use oxygen to make energy? ____________________________ [1] 4600 7 [Turn over 4 Modern materials are now being used to make many different things. Fibreglass is used to make the canoe shown below. Examiner Only Marks Remark Fibreglass body Nylon rope www.borealdesign.com/ . . . /kayak_complet_2.jpg (a) (i) What type of material is fibreglass? ____________________________________________________ [1] (ii) State two reasons why fibreglass is used to make a canoe. 1. ____________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Name another material which may be used to make a canoe. ____________________________ [1] (b) Nylon is used to make the ropes. Nylon is a thermoplastic polymer. (i) What is a polymer? ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] (ii) What is the main characteristic of a thermoplastic? ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] 4600 8 [Turn over (iii) In the box below draw a simple diagram to show the structure of a thermoplastic such as nylon. Examiner Only Marks Remark [2] (iv) Explain in terms of their structure why thermoplastics have different characteristics from thermoset plastics. ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] 4600 9 [Turn over BLANK PAGE 4600 10 [Turn over 5 Plants make food by photosynthesis. Examiner Only Marks Remark www.gardenaction.com (a) (i) Write the word equation for photosynthesis. Light + [2] + Examiner Only (ii) In which part of the plant cell does photosynthesis take place? Marks Remark ___________________________________ [1] (iii) What is the name of the green pigment in plants which is needed for photosynthesis? ___________________________________ [1] (b) Plants need water to stay alive. Plant scientists study how water moves in and out of plant cells by osmosis. Describe the process of osmosis. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [3] 4600 11 [Turn over (c) A student set up an experiment to investigate osmosis. Examiner Only Marks Remark Capillary tube 200 150 100 50 Level of solution at start 0 Beaker Visking tubing containing concentrated sugar solution Water Longman Foundation for Science for GCSE by Mark Levesley, published by Pearson Education Ltd, 2001t The student measured the height of the sugar solution in the glass tube for 10 minutes. The results are recorded in the table below. Time in minutes Height of sugar solution in mm 0 1 17 2 34 3 49 4 61 5 71 10 4600 0 108 12 [Turn over (i) Draw a line graph of the results on the grid below. Examiner Only Marks 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Remark 10 Time in minutes [5] (ii) Use your graph to estimate the height of the sugar solution after 7 minutes. _________________ [1] (iii) Explain why the level of the sugar solution rises in the glass tube during the experiment. ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] 4600 13 [Turn over 6 Rock salt is a mixture of substances, some of which dissolve in water and some of which do not dissolve. Examiner Only Marks Remark Rock salt is the main source of sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is soluble. (a) Describe briefly how you would obtain a dry sample of sodium chloride from a sample of rock salt. You may find it helpful to draw a diagram to show the steps involved. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [4] (b) (i) Sodium is a metal element, 23Na 11 What is an element? ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] (ii) How many of the following does a sodium atom have? Protons _____________ Neutrons _____________ Electrons _____________ 4600 [3] 14 [Turn over 35 (c) Chlorine is a non-metal element, 17Cl Examiner Only Marks Remark Draw a diagram to show the arrangement of all the electrons in a chlorine atom (atomic number 17). [2] (d) Sodium chloride is formed when sodium atoms react and join with chlorine atoms. (i) Describe how an ionic bond is formed between a sodium and chlorine atom. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [2] (ii) State two properties of ionic compounds. 1. ____________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] 4600 15 [Turn over 7 Horse racing is a multi million pound industry. Horse breeders are paid a lot of money to produce horses which will win at the races. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Name and describe briefly the process which horse breeders use to produce horses with winning characteristics. Name: ___________________________________________________ Description: _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (b) The colour and pattern of a horse s coat is an inherited characteristic. Black (B) is the dominant allele. White (b) is the recessive allele. Black horse White horse (i) What is an allele? ____________________________________________________ [1] (ii) State the possible genotypes of a horse with a black coat. ____________________ and ____________________ [2] (iii) Complete the Punnett square below to show how a black horse and a white horse may produce only black offspring. WHITE B L A C K [3] 4600 16 [Turn over (c) The diagram below shows the start of the cell division that produces sex cells (gametes) in an animal. Examiner Only Marks Remark Cell membrane Chromosome Nuclear membrane What is the diploid number in this animal? _______________ [1] (d) Complete the diagram below to show the chromosomes in the sex cell (gamete) of this animal. [1] (e) What is the name given to this type of cell division? _______________________________________________________ [1] 4600 17 [Turn over Horses can develop a fungal infection of the hoof which will make them lame if not treated. Examiner Only Marks Remark (f) (i) State two conditions in which fungus grows best. 1. ____________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Explain why a vet would not treat this condition with an antibiotic. ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] Scientists are trying to breed horses which are resistant to some common diseases. They use a process known as genetic engineering. (g) Explain what is meant by genetic engineering. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] 4600 18 [Turn over 8 Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) are specially designed vehicles that can operate on alcohol, petrol or any combination of the two, like in the Ford Taurus (pictured below). Petrol comes from crude oil. Petrol is a fossil fuel. Examiner Only Marks Remark Reproduced with kind permission of Ford Motor Company (a) Name the process by which petrol is separated from crude oil. ________________________________ [1] (b) Describe how a fossil fuel is formed. __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (c) State two advantages of developing flexible fuel vehicles. 1. _______________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________ [2] 4600 19 [Turn over The combustion of petrol in a car engine releases 18 000 kilojoules of energy in one minute. Examiner Only Marks Remark (d) (i) Using the equation below calculate the input power from the combustion of the petrol. Clearly show your workings. Energy (kilojoules) Input Power (kilowatts) = Time (seconds) Input power ______________ kilowatts [3] (ii) Calculate the % efficiency of the engine if it has a power output of 75 kilowatts. Clearly show your workings. % Efficiency ______________ [3] (iii) State one way by which engineers could make the car more efficient. ____________________________________________________ [1] 4600 20 [Turn over (e) Ethanol, C2H5OH, is an alcohol. Alcohol burns in air, with a clean flame, to produce heat. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Balance the chemical equation below for the combustion of ethanol in air. C2H5OH + O2 2CO2 + H2O [2] (ii) How many atoms make up one molecule of ethanol, C2H5OH? ____________ [1] (iii) What is the name given to reactions which give out energy? ___________________________ [1] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 4600 21 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. 938-034-1 24 [Turn over

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