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UK GCSE 2010 : Foundation Tier, Unit 2: Science for the needs of Society

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2010 Unit 2: Science for the needs of Society Foundation Tier GDS21 Applied Science Double Award [GDS21] WEDNESDAY 9 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all seven questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 90. Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total Marks 5702 Marks BLANK PAGE 5702 2 [Turn over 1 All living things are made from cells. Cells are the building blocks of life. Examiner Only Marks Remark The diagrams below show two types of cell. Z W X Y Cell A Scienceaid http://scienceaid.co.uk/biology/humans/cells.html Cell B Intel Corporation found at www.skool.co.za/studynotes/science/id208 What type of organism does each cell come from? (a) Cell A ____________________ Cell B ____________________ [2] (b) Name the different parts of each cell as shown by the arrows. W _____________________________ X _____________________________ Y _____________________________ Z _____________________________ [4] (c) State one difference between Cell A and Cell B. _______________________________________________________ [1] (d) Name two useful products obtained from living things. 1. _____________________________ 2. _____________________________ 5702 [2] 3 [Turn over 2 The chemical elements found in the earth s crust, air and sea are arranged into the Periodic Table, part of which is shown below. 1 H 2 He 3 Li 4 Be 5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne 11 Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar 19 K 20 Ca 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn Examiner Only Marks (a) From the table above, identify an element which is: (i) a metal. ____________ (ii) present in all organic substances. ____________ (iii) a non-metal. ____________ (iv) used straight from the ground. ____________ Remark [4] (b) State the name of the element represented by each of the following symbols: (i) Na ____________ (ii) He ____________ (iii) Cl ____________ (iv) P ____________ [4] (c) The following substances are found in the earth s crust. State the names of these substances. (i) Fe2O3 (ii) CuCO3 ____________ (iii) CaSO4 5702 ____________ ____________ [3] 4 [Turn over (d) Atoms combine in chemical reactions to form compounds. Magnesium metal burns in air with a bright, white light. A white ash is produced. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) What is the name of the white ash? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Write a word equation for the reaction that takes place. ___________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Heat and light are given out during this reaction. What is the name given to a reaction which gives out energy to the surroundings? ___________________________________________________ [1] 5702 5 [Turn over 3 Hill walkers often take a hot drink with them when they are outdoors, hiking in the mountains. The hot liquid is contained in a vacuum flask. The diagram below shows a vacuum flask. Some parts are labelled. Examiner Only Marks Remark Cork Vacuum Silvered surfaces Metal casing Cork Liquid Vacuum seal Cork support (a) A vacuum flask is designed to keep hot liquids hot. Heat can be lost by conduction, convection and radiation. Complete the table below. Tick ( ) the column which shows the type of heat loss each part prevents. Use only one tick for each part of the flask in the table below. Type of heat loss prevented Part of flask conduction convection radiation Thin vacuum Silvered surfaces Cork cap [3] (b) State one advantage and one disadvantage of the vacuum flask s outer casing being made of metal. Advantage _______________________________________________ Disadvantage ___________________________________________ [2] 5702 6 [Turn over (c) State another material that could be used to make the outer casing. Give a reason why this would be a suitable alternative. Material _____________________ Examiner Only Marks Remark [1] Reason ________________________________________________ [1] (d) The hill walker used a kettle to heat the water for the vacuum flask. The kettle used 230 V and had a current of 10 A. (i) Calculate the power of the kettle. Show your working. Power = _____________ W [3] (ii) The kettle was used for 360 seconds. Using the equation: Energy = power time calculate the energy used by the kettle in joules during this time. Energy = _____________ J [2] (e) Protecting themselves against cold weather is very important for hill walkers. Describe two things which may happen to the hill walker s body if he becomes cold. 1. ______________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________ [2] 5702 7 [Turn over (f) Hill walkers need energy to walk long distances. During respiration, the cells of the body use glucose to make energy. Examiner Only Marks Remark Complete the word equation for respiration. Glucose + carbon dioxide + + energy [2] (g) (i) State the name of the hormone released by the body which controls levels of glucose in the blood. ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Which organ in the body releases this hormone? ___________________________________________________ [1] 5702 8 [Turn over 4 Barley is a crop grown on a large scale by farmers who use chemicals to improve the harvest. The types of chemicals used when growing barley are shown below. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Draw a line to match each type of chemical to the best description of what it does. One line has been drawn for you. Artificial fertilizer Kills other plants that could compete with the barley Fungicide Kills small animals that could eat the barley Pesticide Provides nutrients that are needed by the barley Kills micro organisms that could cause disease in the barley [3] Herbicide (b) Artificial fertilizer contains many of the nutrients that plants need to be healthy. FERTILIZER N P K (i) What do plants use the nitrogen in the fertilizer for? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) What element (mineral) do plants need to make chlorophyll? ___________________________________________________ [1] 5702 9 [Turn over (c) State one advantage and one disadvantage of farmers using soluble artificial fertilizers. Examiner Only Marks Remark Advantage: _______________________________________________ Disadvantage: ___________________________________________ [2] (d) A laboratory technician was investigating how temperature affects solubility. She measures the solubility of the fertilizer in water at six different temperatures. She measures the mass of the fertilizer that dissolves in 1 kg of water. Her results are recorded below. Temperature ( C) Solubility (grams in 1 kg of water) 0 10 20 30 40 50 35 55 70 110 145 195 (i) Plot the results on the grid below. 200 150 Solubility (grams in 1 kg of water) 100 50 0 0 10 20 30 Temperature ( C) (ii) Join the points with a smooth curve. 5702 10 40 50 [2] [1] [Turn over (iii) Use your graph to estimate the solubility of the fertilizer at 15 C. Examiner Only Marks Remark __________________ g in 1 kg of water [1] (iv) From her results, what effect does increasing temperature have on the solubility of the fertilizer? ___________________________________________________ [1] (v) State one way the technician could make the fertilizer dissolve faster in the water. ___________________________________________________ [1] 5702 11 [Turn over 5 The Haber Process is used to manufacture ammonia on a large scale using the reaction below. N2(g) + 3H2(g) Examiner Only Marks Remark 2NH3(g) (a) What is the name given to chemicals produced on a large scale? _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) Chemists want to produce as much ammonia as possible from the reaction. The graph below shows the percentage yield of ammonia using different reaction conditions. 100 350 C 450 C Yield (%) 50 550 C 0 100 200 300 400 Pressure (atms) (i) Which temperature results in the highest yield of ammonia being produced? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) If the pressure is increased, how does this affect the % yield of ammonia obtained? ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Ammonia is a compound. Define the term compound. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 5702 12 [Turn over (c) (i) The diagram below shows an atom of nitrogen. Label the diagram. Examiner Only Marks Remark A B C [3] (ii) What is the atomic number of nitrogen? [1] (iii) What is the mass number of nitrogen? 5702 _____________ _____________ [1] 13 [Turn over 6 Fruit flies have two types of wings, long and short. Examiner Only Marks Long wing Remark Short wing The length of wing is an inherited characteristic and is controlled by one pair of alleles: L is for long wings and l is for short wings. L is the dominant allele. (a) (i) What is an allele? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) State the possible genotypes of a fruit fly with long wings. _____________________ and _____________________ [2] (iii) The genotype of a fruit fly with short wings is l l. Explain why this must be so. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 5702 14 [Turn over (b) Complete the Punnett square below to show how a fruit fly with long wings and a fruit fly with short wings will produce only offspring with long wings. Use L and l to represent the alleles. Examiner Only Marks Remark SHORT l l L O N G [3] (c) Sometimes, flies carry micro organisms that can cause disease in humans. (i) Complete the table below using the following words: bacteria; virus; fungus. Micro organism Disease Athlete s foot Measles Tuberculosis [3] (ii) Describe one method by which we can protect ourselves from infection by micro organisms. ___________________________________________________ [1] 5702 15 [Turn over Fossil fuels are used in power stations to generate electricity. The methods used are not very efficient in energy transfer. Look at the diagram of the power plant below. 7 Steam turbine Pulverizer Conveyor Coal supply Boiler Generator 75 000 kJ Input energy Electric lines House 25 000 kJ Output energy Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) What is meant by the term fossil fuel? _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (b) Please tick ( ) on the table below to identify which energy sources are fossil fuels. Energy source Fossil fuel Coal Wind Sun Gas Oil Waves Nuclear [3] (c) State one disadvantage of using fossil fuels to generate electricity. _______________________________________________________ [1] 5702 16 [Turn over (d) Complete the energy transfer chain for this process. Examiner Only Marks coal boiler turbine generator Stored energy ____________ energy Kinetic energy Remark ____________ energy [2] (e) Use the figures shown on the diagram to calculate the % efficiency of this process. You must show your working. Use the equation Output energy % efficiency = 100 Input energy Efficiency = ___________ % [2] (f) How much energy is wasted in this process? Show how you obtain your answer. Energy loss = ___________ kJ [2] (g) Describe how this energy is wasted. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 5702 17 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. 1847-087-1 20 [Turn over

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