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UK GCSE 2010 : Higher Tier, Unit 2: Science for the needs of Society

20 pages, 60 questions, 1 questions with responses, 1 total responses,

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2010 Unit 2: Science for the needs of Society Higher Tier GDS22 Applied Science Double Award [GDS22] WEDNESDAY 9 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all six questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 90. Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Marks 5703 Marks 1 All living things are made from cells. Cells are the building blocks of life. Examiner Only Marks Remark A diagram of a typical plant cell is shown below. W X Y Z (a) Name the parts of the cell as shown by the arrows. W __________________ X __________________ Y __________________ Z __________________ [4] (b) Name one part of the plant cell which is also present in an animal cell. _______________________________________________________ [1] (c) (i) Plants make their own food through the process of photosynthesis. Name the green pigment in plants needed for photosynthesis to occur. ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Complete the word equation below for photosynthesis. + Sunlight + [2] 5703 2 [Turn over 2 Barley is a crop grown on a large scale by farmers who use chemicals to improve the harvest. The types of chemicals used when growing barley are shown below. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Write the name of the type of chemical described. The first one has been done for you. Provides nutrients that are needed by the barley Artificial fertilizer Kills small animals that could eat the barley Kills other plants that could compete with the barley Kills micro organisms that could cause disease in the barley [3] (b) Artificial fertilizer contains many of the nutrients that plants need to be healthy. FERTILIZER N P K What do plants use the nitrogen in the fertilizer for? _______________________________________________________ [1] 5703 3 [Turn over (c) State one advantage and one disadvantage of farmers using soluble artificial fertilizers. Examiner Only Marks Remark Advantage: _______________________________________________ Disadvantage: ___________________________________________ [2] (d) A laboratory technician was investigating how temperature affects solubility. She measures the solubility of the fertilizer in water at six different temperatures. She measures the mass of the fertilizer that dissolves in 1 kg of water. Her results are recorded below. Temperature ( C) Solubility (grams in 1 kg of water) 0 10 20 30 40 50 35 55 70 110 145 195 (i) Plot the results on the grid below. [3] (ii) Join the points with a smooth curve. 5703 4 [1] [Turn over (iii) Use your graph to estimate the solubility of the fertilizer at 15 C. Examiner Only Marks Remark ________________ g in 1 kg of water [1] (iv) From her results, what effect does increasing temperature have on the solubility of the fertilizer? ___________________________________________________ [1] (v) State one way the technician could make the fertilizer dissolve faster in the water. ___________________________________________________ [1] 5703 5 [Turn over 3 The chemical elements found in the earth s crust, air and sea are arranged into the Periodic Table, part of which is shown below. 1 H 2 He 3 Li 4 Be 5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne 11 Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar 19 K 20 Ca 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn Examiner Only Marks (a) From the table above, identify an element which is: (i) present in all organic substances. ____________ (ii) a non-metal. ____________ (iii) used straight from the ground. ____________ Remark [3] (b) State the name of the element represented by each of the following symbols: (i) Na ____________ (ii) He ____________ (iii) Cl ____________ (iv) P ____________ [4] (c) State the chemical formula for the following substances which are all found in the earth s crust: (i) Iron oxide (ii) Copper carbonate ________________ (iii) Calcium sulphate 5703 ________________ ________________ 6 [3] [Turn over (d) Atoms combine in chemical reactions to form compounds. Magnesium metal burns in air with a bright, white light. A white ash is produced. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) What is the name of the white ash? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Write a balanced symbolic equation for the reaction that takes place. ___________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Heat and light are given out during this reaction. What is the name given to a reaction which gives out energy to the surroundings? ___________________________________________________ [1] (iv) Draw diagrams to show the arrangement of all the electrons in a magnesium atom (atomic number 12) and in an oxygen atom (atomic number 8). Magnesium Oxygen [4] (v) Describe how an ionic bond is formed between a magnesium atom and an oxygen atom. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 5703 7 [Turn over 4 Fossil fuels are used in power stations to generate electricity. The methods used are not very efficient in energy transfer. Look at the diagram of the power plant below. Steam turbine Pulverizer Conveyor Coal supply Boiler Generator 75 000 kJ input energy Electric lines House 25 000 kJ output energy Examiner Only Marks Answer the following questions: Remark (a) What is meant by the term fossil fuel? _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (b) State one disadvantage of using fossil fuels to generate electricity. _______________________________________________________ [1] (c) Complete the energy transfer chain for this process. coal boiler turbine generator Stored energy ____________ energy Kinetic energy ____________ energy [2] 5703 8 [Turn over (d) Use the figures shown on the diagram to calculate the % efficiency of this process. You must show your working. Use the equation Examiner Only Marks Remark Output energy % efficiency = 100 Input energy Efficiency = ___________ % [2] (e) How much energy is wasted in this process? Show how you obtain your answer. Energy loss = ___________ kJ [2] (f) Describe how this energy is wasted. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] 5703 9 [Turn over 5 Fruit flies have two types of wings, long and short. Examiner Only Marks Long wing Remark Short wing The length of wing is an inherited characteristic and is controlled by one pair of alleles: L is for long wings and l is for short wings. L is the dominant allele. (a) (i) What is an allele? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) State the possible genotypes of a fruit fly with long wings. _____________________ and _____________________ [2] (iii) The genotype of a fruit fly with short wings is ll. Explain why this must be so. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (b) Complete the Punnett square below to show how a fruit fly with long wings and a fruit fly with short wings will produce only offspring with long wings. Use L and l to represent the alleles. SHORT L O N G [3] 5703 10 [Turn over (c) The diagram below shows the first stage in meiosis in a fruit fly cell. Examiner Only Marks Remark 1 2 (i) Name the structures labelled 1 and 2. 1. ____________________ 2. ____________________ [2] (ii) What is the diploid number of chromosomes in the cell shown above? ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Give one reason why the type of division shown is meiosis. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (iv) Where, in an adult fruit fly, would meiosis occur? ___________________________________________________ [1] 5703 11 [Turn over (d) Sometimes, flies carry micro organisms that can cause disease in humans. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Complete the table below using the following words: bacteria; virus; fungus. Micro organism Disease Athlete s foot Measles Tuberculosis [3] (ii) Describe one method by which we can protect ourselves from infection by micro organisms. ___________________________________________________ [1] 5703 12 [Turn over BLANK PAGE (Questions continue overleaf) 5703 13 [Turn over 6 Hill walkers often take a hot drink with them when they are outdoors, hiking in the mountains. The hot liquid is contained in a vacuum flask. The diagram below shows a typical vacuum flask. Some parts are labelled. Examiner Only Marks Remark Cork Vacuum Silvered surfaces Metal casing Cork Liquid Cork support Vacuum seal (a) A vacuum flask is designed to keep hot liquids hot. Heat can be lost by conduction, convection and radiation. Complete the table below. Tick ( ) the column which shows the type of heat loss each part prevents. Use only one tick for each part of the flask in the table below. Type of heat loss prevented Part of flask conduction convection radiation Thin vacuum Silvered surfaces Cork cap [3] (b) State one advantage and one disadvantage of the vacuum flask s outer casing being made of metal. Advantage _______________________________________________ Disadvantage ___________________________________________ [2] 5703 14 [Turn over (c) State another material that could be used to make the outer casing. Give a reason why this would be a suitable alternative. Material _____________________ Examiner Only Marks Remark [1] Reason ________________________________________________ [1] (d) The hill walker used a kettle to heat the water for the vacuum flask. The kettle used 230 V and had a current of 10 A. (i) Calculate the power of the kettle. Show your working. Power = _____________ W [3] (ii) The kettle was used for 360 seconds. Using the equation: Energy = power time calculate the energy used by the kettle in joules during this time. Energy = _____________ J [2] 5703 15 [Turn over (e) Hill walkers need energy to walk long distances. During respiration, the cells of the body use glucose to make energy. Examiner Only Marks Remark Complete the word equation for respiration. Glucose + carbon dioxide + + energy [2] (f) After a meal, the blood glucose levels rise. The hormone, insulin, controls the level of glucose in the blood. Which organ in the body releases insulin into the bloodstream? _______________________________________________________ [1] (g) Diabetics cannot produce their own insulin. The diagram below shows some of the stages of the genetic engineering process used to make human insulin. 5703 16 [Turn over (i) What is meant by the term genetic engineering? Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Use the diagram to help explain what is happening at Stage 1. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Explain why bacteria are suitable for use in the process of producing insulin by genetic engineering. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iv) Suggest one reason for producing human insulin by genetic engineering instead of extracting insulin from animals. ___________________________________________________ [1] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 5703 17 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. 1847-088-1 20 [Turn over

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