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UK GCSE 2006 : Foundation Tier, Chemistry Paper 1

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2006 Paper 1 Foundation Tier G1401 Science: Chemistry [G1401] WEDNESDAY 14 JUNE, MORNING TIME 1 hour. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all five questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 90. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 5(a)(ii). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. A Data Leaflet which includes a Periodic Table of the Elements is provided. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 Total Marks G141F6 875 Marks BLANK PAGE G141F6 875 2 [Turn over 1 (a) Calcium is a grey solid at room temperature and pressure. It has a melting point of 839 C and a boiling point of 1484 C. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) The diagrams below show the arrangement of particles in calcium when it is solid, liquid and gas. Label the diagrams using the terms solid, liquid and gas. [3] (ii) What happened to the calcium to turn it from a solid to a liquid and then to a gas? ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Describe the movement of particles in a gas. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iv) Explain why calcium is hardest in the solid state. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] G141F6 875 3 [Turn over (b) Water is a colourless liquid at room temperature and pressure. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) What is the boiling point of water? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) For each of the temperatures in the table below, give the physical state of water at this temperature. The first one has been completed for you. Temperature/ C Physical state 22 liquid 6 199 [2] (iii) Complete the blanks in the paragraph below. Water from the sea _______________ and forms water vapour which rises into the sky, where it cools down and _______________ to form clouds. The clouds become heavy and burst causing rain to fall. G141F6 875 [2] 4 [Turn over (c) People living in a housing development have made complaints to the local council about unpleasant smells coming from the sewage treatment works nearby, mainly on warm days. 2 km Housing development Sewage works Examiner Only (i) Name the process by which the smell spreads from the sewage works to the housing development. Marks Remark ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Explain why the people living in the housing development were able to notice the unpleasant smell from the sewage works on a warm day. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G141F6 875 5 [Turn over 2 Magnesium metal does not occur uncombined in nature. It was first isolated by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1808 by passing an electric current through molten magnesium chloride. Copper metal does occur in nature and has been known for thousands of years. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Explain why magnesium metal does not occur uncombined in nature but copper metal does. _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] (b) Copper and magnesium are typical metals and show similar physical properties. Both conduct electricity and copper s use in electrical wiring is also due to the fact that it is ductile. (i) What is meant by the term ductile? ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Give two other physical properties of metals. 1. _________________________________________________ [1] 2. _________________________________________________ [1] (c) Compounds of copper vary in their colour and their solubility in water. (i) Complete the table below, giving the colour of the substances listed. Substance Colour copper(II) carbonate copper(II) sulphate solution [2] (ii) Name one other soluble compound of copper. (You may find your Data Leaflet useful in answering this question.) ___________________________________________________ [1] G141F6 875 6 [Turn over (d) Magnesium metal burns in air with a bright white flame as shown below. Examiner Only Marks Remark Source: http//www.uncp.edu/home/mcclurem/ptable/mg_2.jpg The product of the reaction is mainly magnesium oxide with about 10% magnesium nitride. (i) Describe the appearance of magnesium oxide. ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the formation of the magnesium oxide. ___________________________________________________ [3] (iii) Give the formula of magnesium nitride. ___________________________________________________ [1] (e) Magnesium metal reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. (i) What would you observe when magnesium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction between magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid. ___________________________________________________ [3] (iii) Name one other metal which reacts safely with dilute hydrochloric acid. ___________________________________________________ [1] G141F6 875 7 [Turn over 3 (a) Household coal can contain up to 10% water. An experiment was carried out to find the percentage of water in a sample of coal. Examiner Only Marks Remark An evaporating basin was weighed and then weighed again containing a sample of coal. The evaporating basin was then placed in an oven at 105 C. (i) What is the formula of water? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) The evaporating basin was removed from the oven every five minutes and reweighed. Why was this done? ___________________________________________________ [1] The results from this experiment are shown below. Mass of evaporating basin = 54.30 g Mass of evaporating basin and coal before heating = 61.25 g Mass of evaporating basin and coal after 5 minutes heating = 60.67 g Mass of evaporating basin and coal after 10 minutes heating = 60.60 g Mass of evaporating basin and coal after 15 minutes heating = 60.60 g (iii) Calculate the mass of coal used in the experiment. [1] (iv) Calculate the total mass of water lost by the sample of coal. [1] G141F6 875 8 [Turn over (v) Calculate the percentage of water in the sample of coal using the expression Examiner Only Marks Remark Mass of water lost 100 = % of water present Mass of coal used [1] (b) In another experiment some coal was placed in an evaporating basin and heated with a Bunsen burner. The coal underwent a combustion reaction. (i) What is meant by the term combustion? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] (ii) Write a word equation for the combustion of coal in an excess of air. ___________________________________________________ [1] G141F6 875 9 [Turn over (iii) Explain why the combustion of coal is an example of an oxidation reaction. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iv) Draw a labelled diagram of the assembled apparatus used in this experiment. [3] (c) Today many homes are heated by gas fires, rather than coal fires. The following information was printed in a leaflet on gas safety. Chimneys and flues Gas fires need to have a chimney or flue to ensure that the gases produced can escape safely. If the chimney or flue becomes blocked then the fumes will spill into the room polluting the air with dangerous carbon monoxide gas. (i) What is the formula of carbon monoxide? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Why is carbon monoxide dangerous? ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] G141F6 875 10 [Turn over 4 (a) Hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium oxide and potassium hydroxide. Both reactions produce salts. Magnesium oxide is a base. Potassium hydroxide is an alkali. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction between magnesium oxide and hydrochloric acid. ___________________________________________________ [3] (ii) Name the salt formed when potassium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid. ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Name two other bases. 1. ____________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (iv) What is meant by the term alkali? ___________________________________________________ [2] G141F6 875 11 [Turn over (b) The reaction between zinc carbonate and hydrochloric acid produces the salt zinc chloride. The diagram below details how pure, dry crystals of zinc chloride may be produced. Measure 25 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid and place in a conical flask Add zinc carbonate to the hydrochloric acid until it is in excess Filter the solution Heat the filtered solution to make it more concentrated Leave aside to cool and crystallise Filter crystals from solution Dry the crystals G141F6 875 12 [Turn over (i) What piece of apparatus would you use to measure 25 cm3 of hydrochloric acid? Examiner Only Marks Remark ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Explain why the zinc carbonate is added until it is in excess. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Give one way in which you would know the zinc carbonate is in excess. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (iv) What is the general name given to the solid trapped by the filter paper? ___________________________________________________ [1] (v) What is the general name given to the filtered solution? ___________________________________________________ [1] (vi) Give two methods of drying the crystals. 1. ____________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (vii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction between zinc carbonate and hydrochloric acid. __________________________________________________ [3] (viii) Name one other compound which may be used with hydrochloric acid to produce a solution of zinc chloride. __________________________________________________ [1] G141F6 875 13 [Turn over 5 (a) The table below gives some information about the elements calcium and oxygen. (i) Complete the table. Element Atomic Atomic number number Calcium Oxygen Electronic arrangement Atom Ion Symbol Atom Ca2+ 2,8,8,2 8 Ion 2,8 Examiner Only Marks Remark [6] (ii) Calcium atoms react with non-metal atoms like oxygen to form calcium ions. Explain in terms of electrons, what happens when atoms of calcium form calcium ions. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] Quality of written communication [2] (iii) Oxygen has two isotopes. Explain what is meant by the term isotope. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iv) Atoms of oxygen, like most atoms, contain protons, neutrons and electrons. Complete the table below for each type of particle. Particle Relative charge Relative mass Number in one atom of 16O 8 Electron Neutron Proton [3] G141F6 875 14 [Turn over (b) The diagram shows an atom of an element X, where: Examiner Only Marks Remark e represents an electron; n represents a neutron; and p represents a proton. ee ee 6n 5p e (i) Name the element X. __________________________ [1] (ii) State the Group to which element X belongs. __________________________ [1] (iii) What is the mass number of this atom of element X? __________________________ [1] (iv) Name the part of the atom which is shaded grey. __________________________ [1] G141F6 875 15 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. S 5/05 900 302507(32)

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