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UK GCSE 2010 : Foundation Tier, Chemistry Paper 2

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education Paper 2 Foundation Tier [G1402] G1402 Science: Chemistry *G1402* 2010 WEDNESDAY 9 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all six questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 120. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 1(c)(iv). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. A Data Leaflet which includes a Periodic Table of the Elements is provided. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Marks 5473 Marks 1 Neutralisation occurs when an acid and an alkali react to form a salt and water. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) (i) Complete the table below to give the names and formulae of the ions present in all acids and alkalis. Name Formula Ion present in all acids Ion present in all alkalis [4] (ii) Different acids produce different salts. Complete the table below. One has been done for you. Name of acid Name of salt Sulphuric acid sulphate Nitric acid Hydrochloric acid [2] (b) Sulphuric acid can be neutralised using an alkali such as sodium hydroxide or by adding an insoluble base such as copper(II) oxide. (i) Write a word equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and sulphuric acid. ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction between copper(II) oxide and sulphuric acid. ___________________________________________________ [2] 5473 2 [Turn over (c) In the preparation of copper(II) sulphate crystals, an excess of copper(II) oxide is added to warm dilute sulphuric acid. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Why is the copper(II) oxide added in excess? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) What colour is the solution when the reaction is complete? ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) The apparatus shown in the diagram below is used to separate the excess copper(II) oxide from the solution. Identify the apparatus A and B. Label the filtrate and the residue clearly using an arrow. A _______________ B _______________ [4] (iv) Describe how you would obtain pure dry crystals of copper(II) sulphate from the solution collected in part (iii). _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] Quality of written communication 5473 [2] 3 [Turn over (v) Copper(II) sulphate can also be prepared by adding an excess of copper carbonate to sulphuric acid. Write a word equation for this reaction. Examiner Only Marks Remark ___________________________________________________ [1] (vi) Copper(II) sulphate cannot be prepared by adding copper metal to sulphuric acid. Explain why not. ___________________________________________________ [1] 5473 4 [Turn over BLANK PAGE (Questions continue overleaf) 5473 5 [Turn over 2 Hydrogen is a powerful rocket fuel. The diagram shows the reaction which occurs in the combustion chamber of a rocket. Examiner Only Marks Remark Combustion chamber Key hydrogen atom oxygen atom NASA http://www1.dfrc.nasa.gov/Gallery/Graphics/STS/Large/EG-0076-04.gif (a) (i) Using the description for the letters A, B and C below, complete the diagram above by placing a letter to label each arrow in the boxes on the right of the diagram above. A oxygen molecules B mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gas C compound of hydrogen and oxygen [3] (ii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction which occurs in the combustion chamber. ___________________________________________________ [3] (iii) Explain why hydrogen is considered to be a clean fuel. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] 5473 6 [Turn over (iv) Explain why the reaction in the combustion chamber is considered to be oxidation. Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (b) Hydrogen is also a powerful reducing agent. The diagram shows the apparatus which could be used in the laboratory to reduce copper(II) oxide using hydrogen. glass tube excess hydrogen burning A porcelain boat B C (i) What labels should be placed on the diagram at A, B and C? A ______________________________________________________ B ______________________________________________________ C ___________________________________________________ [3] (ii) State two observations made during this reaction. 1. ________________________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reduction of copper(II) oxide using hydrogen. ___________________________________________________ [2] (iv) Explain why this reaction is described as reduction. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 5473 7 [Turn over (c) Before the use of electronic built-in flashes, most cameras needed flash bulbs to create a flash of artificial light. The diagram below represents a flash bulb which works by the reaction of very thin magnesium wires with oxygen. Examiner Only Marks Remark Very thin magnesium wire in oxygen gas Thin glass wall Electrical connectors (i) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction which occurs inside the flash bulb. ___________________________________________________ [3] (ii) State one observation made during this reaction. ___________________________________________________ [1] 5473 8 [Turn over 3 All swimming pools must be correctly treated with different chemicals to ensure that the water is free from bacteria and other microbes. Examiner Only Marks Remark Ambassador Pools Ltd http://1st-direct.com/panel-and-liner-pool-with-automatic-cover_photos.htm (a) The table below gives information about some of the chemicals used to treat water in swimming pools. Complete the table. Name Formula sodium hypochlorite NaClO chlorine dioxide ClO2 ozone Relative formula mass O3 [3] 5473 9 [Turn over (b) The diagram below shows a molecule of a compound which is used in the USA to kill bacteria in swimming pools. CH3 CH3 C C H 3C CH3 N Br N C CI O Use the formula of the molecule to help you answer the following questions. (i) Complete the table to give the name, relative atomic mass and number of atoms present for all the elements in this compound. The first one has been done for you. You may find your Data Leaflet useful in answering this question. Symbol Name of element Relative atomic mass Number of atoms of this element present in the molecule H hydrogen 1.5 12 C carbon 12.5 N nitrogen 2 Cl 35.5 O oxygen Br 1 16.5 bromine 1 Examiner Only Marks Remark [5] (ii) Name the two elements in this compound which are in the same group of the Periodic Table. _______________________ and _______________________ [1] 5473 10 [Turn over (iii) Use the information in the table to calculate the relative molecular mass of this molecule. Examiner Only Marks Remark Relative molecular mass = ____________ [1] (iv) Find the percentage by mass of Br in this compound using the formula: percentage of Br by mass = relative atomic mass of Br 100 relative molecular mass of compound percentage of Br by mass = _____________ [2] (c) Another chemical added to swimming pool water is chloramine. The formula mass of chloramine is 51.5 and its formula can be represented by NX2Cl where X represents a non-metal. Calculate the relative atomic mass of element X and use your Data Leaflet to identify the element represented by X. Relative atomic mass of X ___________________________________ Identity of X ____________________________________________ [4] 5473 11 [Turn over 4 (a) Calcium carbonate thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. Calcium oxide (lime) has a high melting point and can be heated to a high temperature without melting so that it emits white light, called limelight. Examiner Only Marks Remark Adam Hart-Davis/Science Photo Library (i) Explain what is meant by the term thermal decomposition. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Write a balanced symbol equation for the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate. ___________________________________________________ [2] (iii) The thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate is an endothermic reaction. What is meant by the term endothermic? ___________________________________________________ [1] (iv) Explain why calcium oxide has a high melting point. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 5473 12 [Turn over (v) Calcium oxide must be kept dry because when it comes into contact with even the slightest amount of moisture, it rapidly becomes hot and hisses, releasing a large amount of steam. Examiner Only Marks Remark Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction of calcium oxide with water. ___________________________________________________ [2] (b) Calcium carbonate reacts with acids and is used in many antacid tablets, where it reacts with excess acid in the stomach, reducing acidity and relieving heartburn . drflet/istockphoto (i) Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. ___________________________________________________ [3] (ii) State two observations made during this reaction. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________ [2] (iii) State one safety precaution which is necessary when carrying out this reaction in a test tube in the laboratory. ___________________________________________________ [1] 5473 13 [Turn over (c) Copper(II) carbonate, which is used in paints, thermally decomposes. The diagram below shows the apparatus used to thermally decompose a sample of copper(II) carbonate and test the carbon dioxide gas produced. Examiner Only Marks Remark test tube 1 copper(II) carbonate solution A HEAT (i) What would you observe in test tube 1 as the copper(II) carbonate was heated? _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Solution A is used to test for presence of carbon dioxide. State the name of solution A, and the observations you would make for a positive test. Solution A ____________________________________________ Observations __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [3] 5473 14 [Turn over (d) Metal compounds have important uses. For each of the uses listed in the table below, select the metal compound which is used for this purpose. Each metal compound may be used once, more than once, or not at all. sodium chloride calcium sulphate silver nitrate Remark copper sulphate calcium hydroxide aluminium hydroxide Examiner Only Marks calcium nitrate sodium hydrogen carbonate Use Metal compound De-icing roads White line road markings Neutralising acidic soil Baking soda [4] 5473 15 [Turn over 5 During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries many scientists contributed to the development of atomic theory. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Name one scientist whose work led to the structure of the atom as we know it today. _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (b) The table below shows information about an aluminium atom and a fluoride ion. (i) Complete the table. Symbol Number of electrons Aluminium atom Fluoride ion Electronic configuration 13 F [4] (ii) Write the formula for aluminium fluoride. ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Explain why an aluminium atom has no charge. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (c) Compounds are formed when two or more different elements chemically bond together. (i) Explain what you understand by the term element. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] 5473 16 [Turn over (ii) Using full electronic configurations, draw diagrams to show how atoms of magnesium combine with atoms of oxygen to form magnesium oxide. Examiner Only Marks Remark [6] (iii) State the type of bonding which is present in magnesium oxide. __________________________________________________ [1] 5473 17 [Turn over 6 (a) The diagram below shows a gas syringe containing a sample of air. The syringe is sealed. The units on the syringe are cm3. 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Examiner Only Marks Remark 100 cm3 seal (i) What volume of air is in the gas syringe? ______________ cm3 [1] (ii) Indicate whether the volume of air in the sealed gas syringe would increase or decrease by placing a tick in the correct column in the following table. External factor Volume increases Volume decreases Increase pressure Increase temperature [2] (b) Air is a mixture of gases, some of which are listed in the table below. Complete the table giving the name or formula of the gas. Name of gas Formula of gas N2 Oxygen Carbon dioxide He Ar [5] 5473 18 [Turn over (c) Air contains only non-metallic elements. The table below lists the melting and boiling points of some non-metallic elements which are found in common pollutants in air. Element Melting point ( C) 3500 4827 fluorine 220 188 sulphur 114 444 chlorine 101 35 phosphorus 44 280 bromine 7 Remark Boiling point ( C) carbon Examiner Only Marks 59 (i) What is meant by the term melting point? _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) At room temperature (20 C), name the elements from the table above which are: Gases ________________________________________________ Liquids _______________________________________________ Solids ______________________________________________ [6] 5473 19 [Turn over (d) Some other changes of state are labelled in the diagram below. Examiner Only Marks Remark GAS C A LIQUID B SOLID Name the changes of state represented by the letters A, B and C. A _______________________________________________________ B _______________________________________________________ C _____________________________________________________ [3] THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 5473 20 [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. 1847-028-1

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