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UK GCSE 2006 : Foundation Tier, Biology Paper 2

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2006 Paper 2 Foundation Tier G0902 Science: Biology [G0902] WEDNESDAY 7 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all six questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 120. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 6(c). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. Details of calculations should be shown. Units must be stated in numerical answers where appropriate. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Marks G092F6 703 Marks 1 (a) The table shows the amount of fat present in some foods. Examiner Only Marks Food Fat content/ percentage Meat Milk Butter Cheese Remark 17 4 78 35 (i) Complete the bar chart. 80 70 Fat content/percentage 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 meat milk butter cheese Food [3] (ii) Which food contains the most fat? Explain why fat is needed by the body. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] Cheese contains 2% carbohydrate and 25% protein. (iii) Describe the uses in the body of carbohydrate and protein. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F6 703 2 [Turn over (b) The diagram shows some possible causes of a heart attack. Examiner Only Marks Stress High fat intake Lack of exercise Remark Cigarette smoking Heart attack! High blood pressure Obesity (i) Use the diagram to explain one cause of a heart attack. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Give two ways of reducing the chances of a heart attack. 1. _____________________________________ 2. _____________________________________ G092F6 703 3 [2] [Turn over (c) (i) Complete the table. Examiner Only Marks Nutrient Source Remark Deficiency citrus fruits vitamin D rickets dairy food iron poor bones and teeth red meat [5] (ii) Name the test for vitamin C and give the colour change. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F6 703 4 [Turn over BLANK PAGE (Questions continue overleaf) G092F6 703 5 [Turn over 2 (a) The diagram shows the main changes which occur in a female during a menstrual cycle. Examiner Only Marks Remark Ovary Uterus Menstruation { 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 { Days of the cycle Most likely period of ovulation (i) Between which days does menstruation occur? __________________ [1] ovulation occur? [1] __________________ (ii) Describe what happens to the lining of the uterus when menstruation occurs. ____________________________________ ______________________________________________________ it prepares for a fertilized egg. _____________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iii) What is ovulation? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iv) Explain what is meant by fertilization. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F6 703 6 [Turn over A sperm can live in the female s body for three days. Examiner Only Marks Remark (v) Use the diagram to work out between which days fertilization could occur. Between ___________________ and ___________________ [2] (vi) Where does fertilization occur? __________________________________________________ [1] The menstrual cycle starts at puberty. (vii) Give three other changes which occur in the female body during puberty. 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________________ [3] G092F6 703 7 [Turn over (b) The diagrams show some methods of contraception. Examiner Only Marks Remark Male Female Vasectomy The pill Female sterilization IUD/coil Condom Methods of contraception can be natural, mechanical, chemical or surgical. (i) Use the diagram to help complete the table. Type of contraception Method of contraception Pill Vasectomy IUD/coil Condom (sheath) Female sterilization G092F6 703 [5] 8 [Turn over Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease. Examiner Only Marks Remark (ii) What is a sexually transmitted disease? ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Name the type of organism which causes gonorrhoea. Describe how the disease can be treated. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F6 703 9 [Turn over 3 (a) The diagram shows a buttercup flower. Examiner Only Marks Remark A C Nectary B Source: adapted from: B. S. Beckett, Biology, A Modern Introduction, Oxford University Press, 1976 (i) Name parts A and B. A ____________________________ [1] B ____________________________ [1] (ii) Give the function of parts B and C. B _________________________________________________ [1] C _________________________________________________ [1] The buttercup is pollinated by insects. (iii) Give two structures, shown in the diagram, which are adaptations to this method of pollination. 1. _________________________________________________ [1] 2. _________________________________________________ [1] G092F6 703 10 [Turn over (iv) Explain cross-pollination. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] The diagram shows flowers of a grass. Stamens Source: adapted from: B. S. Beckett, Biology, A Modern Introduction, Oxford University Press, 1976 (v) Explain how the stamens are adapted for pollination. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F6 703 11 [Turn over (b) The diagram shows different types of fruit. Examiner Only Marks Sycamore Wallflower Remark Strawberry Source: adapted from: B. S. Beckett, Biology, A Modern Introduction, Oxford University Press, 1976 (i) Name the fruit whose seed is dispersed by wind. Explain your answer. Fruit ______________________ [1] Explanation ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] When strawberries are eaten by birds the seeds are dropped in their faeces. (ii) Suggest why the bird is attracted to the strawberry as food. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Explain why the seeds can still germinate after passing through the intestine of the bird. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (iv) Give one reason why seed dispersal is necessary. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] G092F6 703 12 [Turn over (c) The diagram shows a section of a seed. Examiner Only Marks Remark A B C D Source: adapted from: D. G. Mackean, GCSE Biology, John Murray (Publishers) Ltd, 1988 (i) Name parts A, B and C. A __________________________ [1] B __________________________ [1] C __________________________ [1] (ii) Give the function of D. ___________________________________________________ [1] (d) Explain how runners increase the number of strawberry plants. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] G092F6 703 13 [Turn over 4 The diagrams show a fish and a mammal. Examiner Only Marks Roach Dolphin Remark Drawings not to scale Source: J. Toman & J. Felix, A Field Guide in Colour to Plants and Animals, Octopus Books, 1975 (a) (i) Give one feature, shown in both animals, which adapts them for life in water. Explain how the feature helps them to live in water. Feature ____________________________________________ [1] Explanation ____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Give one difference between the animals. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Name the animal group to which a dolphin belongs. __________________________ [1] (iv) Give two features of the animal group to which a dolphin belongs. 1. _________________________________________________ [1] 2. _________________________________________________ [1] G092F6 703 14 [Turn over The diagram shows part of a grassland food web. Examiner Only Marks Remark Buzzard Robin Fox Caterpillar Butterfly Hare Barley (b) (i) Use the diagram to name the producer. __________________________ [1] a secondary consumer. __________________________ [1] (ii) Explain the importance of producers in the food web. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] Only a small part of the energy in the hare is available to the fox. (iii) Suggest two reasons for this. 1. ____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] 2. ____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] G092F6 703 15 [Turn over Composting is one method of waste disposal. Examiner Only Marks Remark (c) (i) What type of waste can be disposed of by composting? ___________________________ [1] The diagram shows a compost bin. Waste substances Soil Lime Manure Wire grid (ii) Give one layer, in the compost bin, which provides a source of decomposing micro-organisms. ___________________________ [1] (iii) Explain the need for a wire grid at the bottom of the bin. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F6 703 16 [Turn over (iv) Explain why a layer of lime is included. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (v) Name the substance, in the soil, that is increased by adding compost. ___________________________________ [1] G092F6 703 17 [Turn over 5 The diagram shows a genetic cross between two pure bred mice. Black coat (B) is dominant to white coat (b). Examiner Only Marks Remark Parents BB BB Genotypes __________ Offspring Genotype Bb Bb Phenotype _____________________ (a) Complete the diagram by giving the genotype of the white parent. [1] phenotype of the offspring. [1] Two of the offspring were mated. (b) (i) Complete the Punnett square to show this cross. Parents: Bb Bb Gametes B Gametes b [3] (ii) Draw a circle round the homozygous recessive offspring. [1] (iii) Give the expected ratio of black mice to white mice. __________________________ [1] G092F6 703 18 [Turn over (iv) Explain what is meant by recessive. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (v) Explain the terms heterozygous and homozygous. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (c) The alleles for black and white coats are two forms of a gene. (i) What is a gene? ___________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Where are genes found in the cell? ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F6 703 19 [Turn over (d) The diagram shows a set of chromosomes from a human cell. 1 2 6 3 7 13 14 19 20 4 8 9 10 15 21 11 5 12 16 17 22 18 X Y Source: M. Jenkins, 1999, BIOLOGY Lives, Hodder & Stoughton Use the information in the diagram to help answer the following questions. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Give the sex of the person the cell was taken from and give a reason for your answer. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] The chromosomes show an abnormality. (ii) Describe how these chromosomes differ from normal chromosomes and suggest the genetic condition the person would be affected by. Description ____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] Genetic condition ____________________________________ [1] (iii) What term describes a change in a chromosome? __________________________ [1] G092F6 703 20 [Turn over BLANK PAGE (Questions continue overleaf) G092F6 703 21 [Turn over 6 (a) The diagram shows a microscope. Examiner Only A Remark 1 0 Marks 0 1 0 4 4 B C (i) Name parts A, B and C. A ___________________________________ [1] B ___________________________________ [1] C ___________________________________ [1] (ii) Calculate the magnification being used. Show your working. Answer _____________ [2] G092F6 703 22 [Turn over You are provided with a thin strip of onion tissue. Examiner Only Marks Remark (iii) Describe how you would prepare a microscope slide of this tissue. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iv) Explain why the tissue needs to be thin. ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] G092F6 703 23 [Turn over (b) The diagrams show two cells. A B A Projection Nucleus C C Nucleus Cell wall Cell X Cell Y Cell X is a plant cell and cell Y is from an animal. Examiner Only Marks Remark (i) Name each cell. Cell X ________________________________________________ Cell Y _____________________________________________ [2] (ii) Name parts A, B and C. A ___________________________________ [1] B ___________________________________ [1] C ___________________________________ [1] (iii) What is the cell wall made of? ___________________________________ [1] G092F6 703 24 [Turn over The projections in each cell have different functions. Examiner Only Marks Remark (iv) Complete the table. Cell Function of projection X How it is adapted for this function Absorption of water and minerals Y [1] Waves back and forth [1] (c) The diagram shows a strip of onion tissue placed in a strong sugar solution. Explain what has happened to cause the changes seen in these onion cells. The quality of written communication will be assessed in this question. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [4] Quality of written communication G092F6 703 [2] 25 [Turn over THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER G092F6 703 26 [Turn over [Turn over Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. S 5/05 900 302507(36)

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