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UK GCSE 2007 : Higher Tier, Biology Paper 1

28 pages, 68 questions, 1 questions with responses, 1 total responses,

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2007 Paper 1 Higher Tier G0903 Science: Biology [G0903] THURSDAY 31 MAY, MORNING For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 TIME 1 hour 30 minutes. 2 3 4 5 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all eighteen questions. 6 7 8 9 10 The total mark for this paper is 120. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 6(b). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Total Marks G091H7 2715 Marks 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA BLANK PAGE G091H7 2715 2 [Turn over 1 The diagram shows a plant cell. Examiner Only Marks Remark D A B C Source: R. McIlwaine, J. Napier, GCSE BIOLOGY for CCEA, Hodder & Stoughton, 2003 (a) Name parts A, B and C. A __________________________ [1] B __________________________ [1] C __________________________ [1] (b) Give the function of D. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA ______________________________________________________ [2] G091H7 2715 3 [Turn over 2 The diagrams show some steps used when growing bacteria. Examiner Only Marks Step 1 Flame a wire loop. Remark Step 2 Cool the wire loop. Flame the neck of a tube of broth containing bacteria. Step 4 Transfer some of the bacteria onto a Petri dish of sterile agar. Step 3 Take a sample of bacteria on the wire loop. Source: J. Taylor, (1990), Micro-organisms and Biotechnology, Macmillan Educational Ltd. (a) Explain why the wire loop is: heated in Step 1. _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [1] cooled in Step 2. _________________________________________________________ (b) Explain why the lid of the Petri dish is at an angle in Step 4. _________________________________________________________ 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA ______________________________________________________ [1] 1 20.7.06EA ______________________________________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 4 [Turn over (c) Suggest why Petri dishes containing bacteria are placed in an incubator at 20 C for 48 hours. Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] (d) What term is used to describe the technique used when carrying out the procedures shown in the diagrams? 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA __________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 5 [Turn over 3 The graph shows the percentage of people in the UK taking enough exercise. Percentage taking enough exercise 60 50 Men 40 Women 30 20 10 0 16 24 25 34 35 44 45 54 Age/years 55 64 65 74 75+ Source:Adapted from www.statistics.gov.uk Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Calculate the ratio of men to women who take enough exercise in the 16 24 age group. Show your working. Answer __________________________ [2] Lack of exercise is an important factor causing obesity and increasing the risk of a heart attack. (b) Give two other factors that increase the risk of having a heart attack. 2. ____________________________________________________ [1] (c) Explain how obesity can cause a heart attack. 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA 1. ____________________________________________________ [1] _________________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] G091H7 2715 6 [Turn over 4 (a) Complete the table. Examiner Only Marks Disease Cause Gonorrhoea Prevention Droplet through the air from infected person Rubella Spread MMR vaccination Droplet through the air from infected person Remark BCG vaccination Bacteria Bacteria [4] If a mother catches rubella or eats a poor diet during pregnancy it can affect her baby. (b) Suggest two other ways the behaviour of a mother may affect her baby during pregnancy. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] (c) Give one advantage to the baby of breast feeding. _________________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA ______________________________________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 7 [Turn over 5 An experiment was set up as shown in the diagram. Examiner Only Marks Remark Colour change of hydrogen carbonate indicator Low High Red Yellow Purple CO2 CO2 Hydrogen carbonate indicator was used to test for carbon dioxide. Bright light Tube A Tube B Tube C Leaf Tinfoil Muslin Hydrogen carbonate indicator (a) Complete the table. Photosynthesis Bright Purple YES B Dim Red Respiration YES C NO YES [4] (b) Explain why the indicator changed from red to purple in tube A. _________________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP Colour of indicator after 24 hours A 3 19.1.07EA Tube Amount of light received by plant _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] G091H7 2715 8 [Turn over 6 The diagram shows a stage during the birth of a baby. Examiner Only Marks Remark B A C (a) Name parts A, B and C. A __________________________ [1] B __________________________ [1] C __________________________ [1] (b) Describe the process of birth. The quality of written communication will be assessed in this question. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 3 19.1.07EA _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 2 22.11.06BP _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA ______________________________________________________ [3] Quality of written communication G091H7 2715 [2] 9 [Turn over 7 The diagrams show sections of skin in different environmental conditions. A Cold conditions B Warm conditions Skin surface Sweat gland Blood capillary Direction of blood flow Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) Complete diagram B to show how the blood capillaries would change in warm conditions. [2] (b) Describe and explain how changes in the sweat gland help cool the body in warm conditions. Change _______________________________________________ [1] Explanation _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (c) Suggest how shivering helps to regulate body temperature in cold conditions. 3 19.1.07EA _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP ______________________________________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 10 [Turn over 8 The photograph shows an eye. Examiner Only Marks Remark Source: R McIlwaine, J Napier, GCSE BIOLOGY for CCEA, Hodder & Stoughton, 2003 (a) Give one piece of evidence, shown in the photograph, which suggests it was taken in dim light. ______________________________________________________ [1] (b) Describe the change you would expect to see if a bright light was shone on the eye. Explain why this change is necessary. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] (c) Give two ways an eye is protected. 1. ____________________________________________________ [1] 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA 2. ____________________________________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 11 [Turn over 9 The diagrams show the propagation of a geranium plant. Examiner Only Marks 2 Remark Place in water for a few days Node 1 Cut here 3 (a) Use the diagram to help complete the table. Process Description 3 19.1.07EA 1 2 22.11.06BP 2 Leave in water for a few days 3 1 20.7.06EA [2] G091H7 2715 12 [Turn over (b) Suggest why the lower leaves are removed before placing in water. Examiner Only Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ [1] (c) Name this type of propagation. __________________________ [1] (d) Give two advantages of this type of propagation. 1. _______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [1] 2. _______________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA ______________________________________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 13 [Turn over 10 The table shows the concentrations of some minerals inside the cells of a water plant and in the surrounding water. Examiner Only Marks Remark Concentration of minerals/arbitrary units Sodium Magnesium Calcium Cell sap Surrounding water 260 380 36 26 28 Sodium is 70 times more concentrated in the cell sap than in the surrounding water. (a) Complete the table by calculating the concentration of sodium in the cell sap. [1] (b) Name the process by which plants take up minerals. __________________________ [1] (c) Explain why plants take up some minerals quicker in a well aerated fast-flowing stream than in a slow-flowing stream. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] (d) Why do plants need magnesium? ____________________________________________ [1] 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA calcium? _______________________________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 14 [Turn over 11 Haemophilia is a sex-linked inherited disease. The diagram shows a family tree. Examiner Only Marks Remark KEY normal male Suzanne haemophiliac male Harry normal female carrier female female haemophiliac Siobhan Alice Ben Ryan Calum If XH = X chromosome carrying the normal allele. If Xh = X chromosome carrying the haemophilia allele. If Y = Y chromosome. (a) Give the genotypes of Ben. ________________ [1] Siobhan. ________________ [1] (b) Complete the Punnett square to show the possible offspring of Alice and Ryan. Alice gametes [3] (c) Explain why Calum is a normal male even though his father was a haemophiliac. _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [1] 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA Ryan gametes G091H7 2715 15 [Turn over 12 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle. Examiner Only Marks A Remark B Nitrogen gas in soil Nitrates Ammonia C (a) Name processes A, B and C. A __________________________ [1] B __________________________ [1] C __________________________ [1] Decomposers play an important role in the nitrogen cycle. (b) (i) Suggest one source of proteins that decomposers can act on. ____________________________________________________ [1] 3 19.1.07EA (ii) Describe the role of decomposers in the nitrogen cycle. ______________________________________________________ 2 22.11.06BP ______________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA ____________________________________________________ [2] G091H7 2715 16 [Turn over 13 Transpiration involves water moving through different parts of a plant to the atmosphere. Examiner Only Marks Remark (a) (i) During transpiration how is water lost from the surface of a mesophyll cell? __________________________ [1] through stomata into the atmosphere? __________________________ [1] (ii) Explain why leaf mesophyll cells do not normally become flaccid during transpiration. ______________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA ____________________________________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 17 [Turn over The diagram shows apparatus used to measure the water uptake of a cut shoot. Shoot Syringe Scale/cm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Water Air bubble Adapted from: R. McIlwaine, J. Napier, GCSE BIOLOGY for CCEA, Hodder & Stoughton, 2003 Examiner Only (b) (i) Name the apparatus. Marks Remark __________________________ [1] (ii) Use the diagram to help describe how the apparatus could be used to investigate how light affects water uptake. ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA ____________________________________________________ [3] G091H7 2715 18 [Turn over 14 The graph shows changes in the North Sea herring population. Examiner Only Herring population/thousand tonnes Marks Remark 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1963 1974 1985 Year 1996 2007 Source: www.statistics.gov.uk (a) Describe the trend, in the herring population, from 1963 to 1985. __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [2] (b) Use the terms birth rate and death rate to explain the increase in the herring population from 1996 to 2007. __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [1] (c) Explain what is meant by overfishing. __________________________________________________________ (d) Suggest three ways herring fishing may have been managed from 1996 to allow the stock recovery shown in the graph. __________________________________________________________ 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA _______________________________________________________ [1] __________________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ [3] G091H7 2715 19 [Turn over 15 The diagram shows a section of a vein. Examiner Only Marks Remark Structure X Fibrous layer Muscle and elastic fibre layer Lining layer Adapted from: R. McIlwaine, J. Napier, GCSE BIOLOGY for CCEA. Hodder & Stoughton, 2003 (a) (i) Name structure X and explain its function. X __________________________ [1] Function _______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Give two differences in the structure of a vein and an artery. 1. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] 2. ____________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA ____________________________________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 20 [Turn over The diagram shows the relationship between blood capillaries and body cells. Vessel Y Body cells A B Blood flow Blood capillary Adapted from: R. McIlwaine, J. Napier, GCSE BIOLOGY for CCEA, Hodder & Stoughton, 2003 Examiner Only (b) (i) Explain why the blood plasma passes out of the capillary at A. Marks Remark ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ [1] (ii) What process causes tissue fluid to return to the blood at B? __________________________ [1] (iii) Explain the role of vessel Y. 3 19.1.07EA ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP ____________________________________________________ [2] G091H7 2715 21 [Turn over 16 (a) What is meant by the term excretion? Examiner Only Marks Remark _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] The diagram shows part of the human excretory system. A B Liver Renal artery Renal vein (b) (i) Put arrows in boxes A and B to show the direction of blood flow. [1] 3 19.1.07EA (ii) Name the structure which carries urine from the kidney to the bladder. 2 22.11.06BP __________________________ [1] out of the bladder. 1 20.7.06EA __________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 22 [Turn over (c) Name the process by which water content is homeostatically controlled in the body. Examiner Only Marks Remark __________________________ [1] (d) Describe what happens to excess amino acids when they reach the liver. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA ______________________________________________________ [2] G091H7 2715 23 [Turn over 17 The diagram shows a cell dividing. Examiner Only Marks Remark A Chromosome B C (a) What is a chromosome? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [2] (b) Name this type of cell division. 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA __________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 24 [Turn over (c) Use the diagram to complete the table. Examiner Only Marks Stage Remark Description of stage A [1] B [1] C [2] (d) Give two differences between this type of cell division and that which occurs during the making of gametes. 1. _______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [1] 2. _______________________________________________________ 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA ______________________________________________________ [1] G091H7 2715 25 [Turn over 18 The table shows changes in the number of skin cancer cases in Great Britain. Year Examiner Only Marks Remark Number of skin cancer cases per 100 000 people Males Females 1970 1.7 3.1 1975 2.5 4.0 1980 3.1 5.2 1985 4.8 7.8 1990 6.1 7.9 1995 7.3 9.3 (a) What is cancer? _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [1] (b) Describe one difference between the number of males and the number of females who suffer from skin cancer. _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [1] _________________ [1] The total number of skin cancer patients has increased more than the number of deaths from skin cancer. (d) Give one possible reason why fewer people now die from skin cancer. ______________________________________________________ [1] 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA (c) Calculate by how many times the number of females suffering from skin cancer has increased from 1970 to 1995. G091H7 2715 26 [Turn over One reason for the increase in the number of skin cancer cases is depletion of the ozone layer. Examiner Only Marks Remark (e) Describe what causes the depletion of ozone and explain how this can cause skin cancer. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ [3] (f) Describe two ways to reduce the risk of getting skin cancer. 1. _______________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________ [2] 1 20.7.06EA 2 22.11.06BP 3 19.1.07EA THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER G091H7 2715 27 [Turn over 3 19.1.07EA 2 22.11.06BP 1 20.7.06EA Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. S 7/06 7-118-1

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