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UK GCSE 2007 : Foundation Tier, Biology Paper 2

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Centre Number 71 Candidate Number General Certificate of Secondary Education 2007 Paper 2 Foundation Tier G0902 Science: Biology [G0902] WEDNESDAY 6 JUNE, AFTERNOON TIME 1 hour. INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this page. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. Answer all six questions. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The total mark for this paper is 120. Quality of written communication will be assessed in question 6(b)(iii). Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question. Details of calculations should be shown. Units must be stated in numerical answers where appropriate. For Examiner s use only Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Marks G092F7 2456 Marks 1 (a) The diagram shows part of the digestive system. Examiner Only Marks Remark A B C D (i) Name parts A, B, C and D. A ________________________ [1] B ________________________ [1] C ________________________ [1] D ________________________ [1] (ii) On the diagram complete the drawing of the colon. [2] (iii) Describe the function of the colon. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F7 2456 2 [Turn over (iv) Use the letters from the diagram to complete the table, to show where each process occurs. Process Examiner Only Marks Remark Letter Ingestion Digestion Egestion [3] (v) Describe how food is moved along the digestive system. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (b) The diagram shows the inside surface of the ileum. X (i) Name the structures shown in layer X. X ____________________________ [1] (ii) Describe the function of these structures. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] Patients suffering from some diseases have part of their ileum removed. (iii) Suggest what effect this may have on the patient. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F7 2456 3 [Turn over 2 (a) The drawing shows part of a tomato flower. Examiner Only Marks Remark A B C D (i) Name parts A, B and C. A _________________________ [1] B _________________________ [1] C _________________________ [1] (ii) Describe the functions of parts B and D. B _________________________________________________ [1] D _________________________________________________ [1] (iii) On the diagram, mark with a P, the part where a pollen grain must land to pollinate the flower. G092F7 2456 4 [1] [Turn over (iv) Suggest an agent of cross pollination for the tomato flower. Examiner Only Marks Remark ___________________________________________________ [1] (v) Describe cross pollination. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (b) The diagram shows half a tomato fruit. Seeds Source: Adapted from Geoff Jones and Mary Jones, Biology GCSE edition, Cambridge University Press, 1987 (i) Describe how the tomato seeds are dispersed and explain how the fruit is adapted for this method. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Give two reasons why seeds are dispersed. 1. ___________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F7 2456 5 [Turn over (c) The diagram shows a pea seed starting to grow. Examiner Only Marks Remark Day 10 Day 5 Seed X Y 1 2 3 1 8 mm 2 13 mm 20 3 10 0 Scale/mm (i) Measure the length of section 3 at day 10. __________________ mm [1] (ii) Complete the table by adding a column heading and recording the length of the parts of the pea root. Part Length/mm Day 5 1 3 2 3 3 3 [2] (iii) Name parts X and Y. X ___________________________ Y ___________________________ G092F7 2456 [1] [1] 6 [Turn over (d) The drawing shows a strawberry plant reproducing by natural propagation. Examiner Only Marks Remark Connection to parent plant providing nutrients Runner Roots growing on new plant Another new plant may form here Source: adapted from GCSE Biology, Jones and Jones (i) Use the diagram to help describe how the strawberry plant reproduces by natural propagation. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Give two advantages of natural propagation. 1. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] 2. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] G092F7 2456 7 [Turn over 3 The diagram shows part of the circulatory system. Examiner Only Marks Head Remark Oxygenated blood Deoxygenated blood Lungs A F E Liver B Intestine D Kidney C Legs Source: Human Biology: An Active Approach, P. Rowlinson, M. Jenkins, Cambridge University Press, 1987 (a) (i) Name vessels A, B, C and E. A _________________________________________________ [1] B _________________________________________________ [1] C _________________________________________________ [1] E _________________________________________________ [1] G092F7 2456 8 [Turn over (ii) On the diagram, draw arrows to show the direction of blood flow in vessels D and F. [2] Examiner Only Marks Remark (iii) Name the blood vessel which contains the highest concentration of oxygen in the blood. ___________________________________________________ [1] (iv) Explain why the circulatory system is a double circulation. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (b) (i) Complete the table. Blood vessel Wall thickness Elastic bres Yes Artery Thin Capillary Valves Yes One cell No [5] (ii) Explain two advantages of capillary walls being one cell thick. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F7 2456 9 [Turn over (c) The diagram shows a section through a heart. Examiner Only Marks Remark Semi-lunar valve A D C B Source: B. Beckett, R Gallagher, 2001, New Coordinated Science, Biology (i) Name the chambers A and D. A ___________________________ [1] D ___________________________ [1] (ii) Explain the function of the semi-lunar valve. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Explain the difference in the thickness of heart wall at B and C. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F7 2456 10 [Turn over 4 (a) Complete the table on air pollution. Examiner Only Marks Cause of air pollution Source Carbon monoxide Remark Petrol engine Harmful effect Flue gas desulphurisation Burning fossil fuels Lead Prevention Lead poisoning [6] (b) Eutrophication of rivers can be caused by pollution from farms. (i) Give two ways farming can cause eutrophication. 1. _________________________________________________ [1] 2. _________________________________________________ [1] (ii) Suggest how this can cause an algal bloom in rivers. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (iii) Explain how this algal bloom can result in the death of fish and other aquatic animals. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F7 2456 11 [Turn over (c) The graph shows changes in the number of red squirrels in a woodland area over seven years. 35 Number of red squirrels 30 25 20 15 10 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Year (i) Describe the trend in the graph. Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Suggest two possible reasons for the decrease in the red squirrel numbers in 1996. 1. _________________________________________________ [1] 2. _________________________________________________ [1] (iii) Suggest two reasons why grey squirrels now outnumber reds in some woodlands. 1. _________________________________________________ [1] 2. _________________________________________________ [1] G092F7 2456 12 [Turn over 5 (a) The diagram shows part of a leaf. Examiner Only Marks Remark A B C D (i) Name layers A, B and C and structure D. A _________________________ [1] B _________________________ [1] C _________________________ [1] D _________________________ [1] (ii) On the diagram label with an X the type of cell which carries out most photosynthesis [1] a Y the type of cell which controls the movement of carbon dioxide in and out of a leaf. [1] G092F7 2456 13 [Turn over + water light (b) (i) Complete the word equation for photosynthesis. starch chlorophyll + [2] Examiner Only (ii) Explain how the starch, produced by photosynthesis, is used by the plant. Marks Remark _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (c) The graph shows the changes in carbon dioxide concentration measured in a field of grass on a warm sunny day. Concentration of carbon dioxide / arbitrary units 450 400 Average concentration 350 300 250 12 Midnight 4 am (sunrise) 8 am 12 Midday 4 pm 8 pm 12 Midnight (i) Give the highest concentration of carbon dioxide recorded. __________________ arbitrary units [1] (ii) Between what times was the concentration of carbon dioxide below average? ___________________________________________________ [1] G092F7 2456 14 [Turn over (iii) Describe the trend in carbon dioxide concentration between Examiner Only Marks Remark 4 am and 6 am. _______________________________________ [1] 7 am and 5 pm. ______________________________________ [1] (iv) Explain the change in carbon dioxide concentration between 4 am and 6 am. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (v) Explain why the carbon dioxide concentration increases between 5 pm and 10 pm. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F7 2456 15 [Turn over 6 (a) The following is a recipe for making homemade yoghurt. Examiner Only Marks Remark 1. Warm pasteurised milk to 43 C. 2. Add living yoghurt to this milk in a vacuum ask. Replace the lid and leave for 6 8 hours, until the mixture becomes acidic. 3. Pour the yoghurt into sterile containers and store at 4 C in a refrigerator. 4. Eat the yoghurt within 4 5 days. (i) Describe how pasteurised milk is produced. ______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ [2] (ii) Suggest why pasteurised milk is used instead of unpasteurised milk. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] Living yoghurt contains the bacteria Lactobacillus bulgaricus. (iii) Suggest why the pasteurised milk and living yoghurt mixture is kept in a vacuum flask. ________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] is covered with a lid. ____________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] becomes acidic. ________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] G092F7 2456 16 [Turn over (iv) Explain why storing the yoghurt at 4 C slows down decay. Examiner Only Marks Remark _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [2] (v) Suggest why the yoghurt should be eaten within 4 5 days. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] (vi) Give two other methods of preserving food and explain how each works. Method 1 ___________________________________________ [1] Explanation ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] Method 2 ___________________________________________ [1] Explanation ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] G092F7 2456 17 [Turn over Louis Pasteur is credited with disproving spontaneous generation. Examiner Only Marks Remark (b) (i) Explain the theory of spontaneous generation. _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [1] The diagram shows a flask used by Pasteur. Source: K Brocklehurst, P S Fielden, (1984), Biology Now, Hodder & Stoughton. (ii) Name this flask. ___________________________ [1] (iii) Describe how Pasteur used this apparatus to disprove spontaneous generation. The quality of written communication will be assessed in this question. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ [4] Quality of written communication G092F7 2456 [2] 18 [Turn over Examiner Only Marks THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER G092F7 2456 19 Remark Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright holders may have been unsuccessful and CCEA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgement in future if notified. S 3/06 7-057-1 G092F7 2456 20 [Turn over

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