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CBSE XII Sample / Mock 2009 : HINDI CORE with Answers (2 Sample papers)

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1 2 lh-ch-,l-bZ- izfrn'kZ iz'ui=k&1 fganh & osQafnzd d{kk & ckjgoha le;% 3 ?kaVs iw.kk d & 100 funsZ'k % bl iz'u&i=k osQ pkj [kaM gSa & ^d*] ^[k*] ^x*] ^?k*A lHkh iz'uksa dks ozQekuqlkj dhft,A iz-la- iz'u vad [kaM ^d* iz-1 fuEufyf[kr dkO;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & 1- iq#"k gks iq#"kkFkZ djks] mBksA iq#"k D;k] iq#"kkFkZ gqvk u tks] n; dh lc nqcZyrk rtksA izcy tks rqe esa iq#"kkFkZ gks] lqyHk dkSu rqEgsa u inkFkZ gks\ izxfr osQ iFk esa fopjks mBks] iq#"k gks] iq#"kkFkZ djks] mBksA 2- u iq#"kkFkZ fcuk oqQN LokFkZ gS] u iq#"kkFkZ fcuk ijekFkZ gSA le> yks ;g ckr ;FkkFkZ gS & fd iq#"kkFkZ gh iq#"kkFkZ gSA Hkqou esa lq[k&'kkfUr Hkjks] mBksA iq#"k gks] iq#"kkFkZ djks] mBksA 3- u iq#"kkFkZ fcuk og LoxZ gS] u iq#"kkFkZ fcuk vioxZ gSA u iq#"kkFkZ fcuk fozQ;rk dgha] u iq#"kkFkZ fcuk fiz;rk dghaA 3 (1x5) 5 iz-la- iz'u vad liQyrk oj&rqY; ojks] mBks] iq#"k gks] iq#"kkFkZ djks] mBksA 4- u ftlesa oqQN ikS#"k gks ;gk & liQyrk og ik ldrk dgk \ viq#"kkFkZ Hk;adj iki gS] u mlesa ;'k gS] u izrki gSA u d`fe&dhV leku ejks] mBks] iq#"k gks] iq#"kkFkZ djks] mBksAA (d) izFke dkO;ka'k osQ ek ;e ls dfo us euq"; dks D;k izsj.kk nh gS\ 1 ([k) euq"; iq#"kkFkZ ls D;k&D;k dj ldrk gS\ 1 (x) ^liQyrk oj&rqY; ojks mBks* & iafDr dk vFkZ Li"V dfj,A 1 (?k) viq#"kkFkZ Hk;adj iki gS & oSQls\ 1 ( ) dkO;ka'k dk mi;qDr 'kh"kZd nhft,A 1 iz-2 fuEufyf[kr xn~;ka'k dks ;kuiwoZd i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & 1- vki ,d ,sls eqYd esa gSa] tgka djksM+ksa ;qok clrs gSaA buesa ls dbZ csjkst+xkj gSa] rks dbZ dksbZ NksVk&eksVk dke&/a/k dj jgs gSaA ;s lc iSlk dekus dh [okfg'k j[krs gSa] rkfd ;s lHkh viuh jkst+ejkZ dh ftanxh dks pyk losaQ vkSj Hkfo"; dks csgrj cuk losaQA ,sls yksxksa ls vki ;g mEehn oSQls j[k ldrh gSa fd os lektlsok osQ dk;ks esa #fp ysaxs\ 2- ;g mu dbZ eqf'dy lokyksa esa ls ,d gS] ftudk lkeuk f'k{kkfon lwlu LV kWM dks Hkkjr esa djuk iM+kA mUgksaus vesfjdk esa jk"V h; ;qok lsok laxBu vesfjdk dh LFkkiuk dh gSA 3- lwlu dk edln ;qokvksa dh mQtkZ dk bLrseky ,d j.kuhfr osQ rgr jk"V h; fodkl] yksdra=k dks c<+kok nsus vkSj csjkstxkjh dh leL;k ls fuiVus osQ fy, djuk gSA ysfdu D;k fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ ;qok eq r esa og dke djuk pkgsasxs\ D;k ;s yksx viuh i<+kbZ ;k dWfj;j dks njfdukj dj U;wure osru ij ,slh fdlh eqfge ls tqMs+axs\ izksRlkgu dgk gS\ 4- blosQ tokc esa lqJh LV kWM dgrh gSa] ^^eSa lksprh gw fd ,sls oqQN rjhosQ gSa] ftuls Hkkjr tSls csjkstxkjh ls tw> jgs ns'kkssa esa Hkh ;qokvksa dh lsok, yh tk ldrh gSaA** og fiNys lky uoacj 4 15 iz-la- iz'u esa fnYyh esa gq, Lo;alsoh iz;klksa osQ varjjk"V h; laxBu osQ lEesyu esa ekun vfrfFk FkhaA og dgrh gSa] ^^;qokvksa osQ fy, jkst+xkj izkfIr esa muosQ ikl ukSdjh dk dksbZ iwoZ vuqHko u gksuk ,d lcls cM+h ck/k gksrk gSA bl rF; dks ;ku esa j[krs gq, geus dbZ lky igys nf{k.k vizQhdk esa ,sls csjkst+xkj ;qokvksa osQ fy, oqQN dk;ZozQe 'kq: fd, tks jktuhfrd la?k"kks esa lfozQ; jgsA ;s ;qok LowQyksa ls ckgj gks pqosQ Fks vkSj jkst+xkj osQ ekSosQ Hkh x ok pqosQ FksA geus buosQ fy, oqQN dk;ZozQe rS;kj fd,A felky osQ rkSj ij geus mUgsa v'osrksa osQ bykdksa esa de dher osQ edku cukus osQ dke ls tksM+kA ogk bUgksaus Hkou fuekZ.k osQ xqj lh[ks vkSj tkuk fd ,d Vhe osQ :i esa oSQls dke fd;k tkrk gSA bl rjg ;s yksx ,d gquj esa ekfgj gq, vkSj jkstxkj ikus osQ nkosnkj cusA** 5- ukSdfj;ksa ls tqM+s cgqr ls izf'k{k.k dk;ZozQe veweu fdlh [kkl dkS'ky osQ fodkl ij osQfUnzr gksrs gSa] ysfdu lsok laca/h dk;ZozQe buls oqQN c<+dj gksrs gSaA buesa 'kkfey yksx] T;knk mi;ksxh vkSj igy djus okys ukxfjd gksrs gSaA LV kWM osQ eqrkfcd] budh ;g [kkfl;r buesa lekt osQ izfr ,d ftEesnkjh vkSj izfrc rk dk vglkl Hkjrh gSA ;qokvksa osQ fy, pyk, tkus okys lsok laca/h dk;ZozQeksa osQ tfj, mUgsa mi;ksxh ifj;kstukvksa ls tksM+k tk ldrk gS vkSj blosQ ,ot esa oqQN iSlk Hkh fn;k tk ldrk gSA 6- og dgrh gSa] ^^tjk 1930 osQ n'kd osQ eanh osQ nkSj osQ vius ns'k dks ;kn dhft,A jk"V ifr izSaQdfyu Mh- :tosYV us laj{k.k dk;ZozQe pyk,A mUgksaus ns'k osQ ;qokvksa dks] [kkldj csjkstxkjksa dks dbZ rjg osQ dkeksa ls tksM+ fn;kA bldk bu ;qokvksa vkSj iwjs ns'k dks tcnZLr iQk;nk gqvkA** LV kWM crkrh gSa] ^^bu ;qokvksa dks muosQ dke osQ cnys esa iSlk fn;k tkrk Fkk] ftldk ,d fgLlk mUgsa vius ifjokjksa dks nsuk gksrk FkkA vxj vki vesfjdk osQ fdlh jk"V h; m|ku esa tk,axs rks vkidks irk pysxk fd bu yksxksa us fdruh le` fojklr dk fuekZ.k fd;k FkkA bu ;qokvksa us vesfjdk osQ T;knkrj jk"V h; m|kuksa dk l`tu fd;k vkSj ogk yk[kksa isM+ yxk,A** 7- vesfjdk esa ,sls gh iz;klksa dh lcls rktk felky gS ^vesfjdk*] blosQ tfj, gj lky 75 gtkj ;qokvksa dks jkstxkj fn;k tkrk gS vkSj buesa ls T;knkrj chl ls rhl dh vk;qoxZ osQ gksrs gSaA dbZ rks cl vHkh gkbZLowQy ls fudys gh gksrs gSa] rks dbZ LowQy NksM+ pqosQ gksrs gSa vkSj dbZ ih-,p-Mh- Hkh gksrs gSaA lwlu crkrh gSa fd vkbfM;k ;g gksrk gS fd ^^yksx Nk=ko`f k ikrs gSa] tks U;wure osru ls de gksrh gSA blosQ cnys ;s ;qok ns'k osQ lcls foiUu bykdksa esa ,d ;k nks lky rd dbZ rjg osQ dke djrs gSaA** 8- LV kWM Li"V djrh gSa] ^^blesa nks jk; ugha fd bl iSls ls ;s vehj ugha gks ldrs] ij bruk t:j gS fd blls budk [kpkZ vkjke ls py tkrk gSA lky osQ vkf[kj esa bu ;qokvksa dks 4]725 MkWyj dk ,d okWmpj fn;k tkrk gS] ftls ;s fliZQ f'k{kk ;k izf'k{k.k dh iQhl pqdkus ;k dkWyst dk .k vnk djus osQ fy, gh bLrseky dj ldrs gSaA** bu ;qokvksa esa cgqr ls 5 vad iz-la- iz'u vad feflflih vkSj yqbfl;kuk esa jkgr dk dke dj pqosQ gSa] tgka rwiQku oSQVjhuk us Hkkjh rckgh epkbZ FkhA 9- LV kWM dk ekuuk gS fd Lo;alsoh laxBu vkSj O;fDr fo'ks"k viuh mQtkZ vkSj fopkjksa ls fofHkUu ;kstukvksa dks lkdkj dj ldrs gSa] mUgsa de djus vkSj mls iSQykus nhft,A ^^;fn vki ckdbZ ,slk oqQN djuk pkgrs gSa] ftlls T;knk ls T;knk ;qokvksa dh ftanxh izHkkfor gks rks blosQ fy, vkidks T+;knk ls T+;knk tu lalk/uksa dh O;oLFkk djuh gksxhA** 10- og dgrh gSa\ ^^Hkkjr esa Hkh ;qokvksa osQ fy, dbZ dk;ZozQe gSaA ;gk ,u- lh- lh- gS vkSj jk"V h; lsok ;kstuk Hkh gS] ftlls iwjs ns'k esa ik p gtkj Lo;alsod tqM+s gq, gSaA ysfdu og loky djrh gSa fd bl ;kstuk ls fliZQ ik p gtkj ;qok gh D;ksa tqM+s gq, gSa] nl yk[k D;ksa ugha\D;k bls lekt dh t:jrksa vkSj jkst+xkj ls tksM+k x;k\ ;qokvksa dks blls tksM+us dh eqfge D;ksa ugha NsM+h tkrh\ bl ns'k esa xk /hoknh ijEijk, gSa] nku vkSj mnkjrk dh Hkkouk gS] ftuosQ ne ij cM+s iSekus ij lsok laca/h dk;ZozQe pyk, tk ldrs gSaA** (d) xn~;ka'k dk mi;qDr 'kh"kZd nhft,A 1 ([k) Hkkjr esa djksM+ks ;qokvksa dh oSQlh fLFkfr gS\ 1 (x) f'k{kkfon~ lwlu LV kWM dks Hkkjr esa D;k lkeuk djuk iM+k\ 1 (?k) lwlu ;qokvksa dh mQtkZ dk bLrseky oSQls djrh gS\ 1 ( ) vizQhdk esa csjkstxkj ;qokvksa osQ fy, fdl rjg osQ dk;ZozQe rS;kj fd, x,\ 1 (p) ;qokvksa dks mi;ksxh ifj;kstukvksa osQ lkFk oSQls tksM+k tk ldrk gS\ 1 (N) vesfjdk esa ;qokvksa us jk"V h; mn~;kuksa dk l`tu oSQls fd;k\ 1 (t) ^vesfjdk* dh Hkwfedk D;k gS\ 1 (>) T;knk ;qokvksa dh ftanxh dks oSQls izHkkfor fd;k tk ldrk gS\ 1 ( k) ^Nk=ko`f k* rFkk ^fodkl'khy* 'kCnksa osQ okD; cukb,A 2 (r) 2 ^vehj* vkSj ^vfrfFk* 'kCnksa osQ nks&nks i;kZ;okph fyf[k,A (Fk) ^foiUu* rFkk ^U;wure* 'kCnksa osQ foykse fyf[k,A 1 (n) 1 ^csjkst+xkjh* 'kCn esa ls milxZ vkSj izR;; vyx&vyx dhft,A 6 iz-la- iz'u vad [kaM&[k 25 iz-3 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fuca/ fyf[k, & 5 (d) Hkkjrh; lH;rk ij gkoh gksrh if'peh lH;rkA ([k) uj gks u fujk'k djks eu dksA (x) ;qok ih<+h vkSj ns'k dk Hkfo";A (?k) ehfM;k dh lkekftd ft+EesnkjhA iz-4 nwjn'kZu osQ egkfuns'kd dks nwjn'kZu osQ dk;ZoQ z eksa dh leh{kk djrs gq, ,d i=k fyf[k,A 5 vFkok vius eqgYys osQ lehi fLFkr ^^cq k ikoZQ** dh nqnZ'kk dh vksj fuxek;qDr dk ;ku vkdf"kZr djrs gq, xkSre dh vksj ls i=k fyf[k,] ftlesa ikoZQ osQ leqfpr j[k&j[kko dh O;oLFkk dk vkxzg fd;k gksA iz-5 (v) fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ laf{kIr m kj nhft, & (d) ist Fkzh i=kdkfjrk dk rkRi;Z D;k gS\ 1 ([k) LrEHk ys[ku ls D;k rkRi;Z gS\ 1 (x) ^MsM ykbu* D;k gS\ 1 (?k) i=kdkjh; ys[ku vkSj lkfgfR;d l`tukRed ys[ku esa D;k vUrj gS\ 1 ( ) iQhpj ys[ku dh Hkk"kk 'kSyh dSlh gksuh pkfg,\ 1 (vk) fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij vkys[k fyf[k,A (1) yksdra=k ns'k dh j{kk dSlh dh tk ldrh gS\ ;qok&ih<+h dk blesa D;k ;ksxnku gS\ bu fcUnqvksa ds v/kkj ij ,d vkys[k rS;kj dhft,A (2) fnYyh ds ekLVj Iyku dh ppkZ vkt pkjksa vksj gS& bl fo"; ij vkys[k fyf[k,A iz-6 fdlh ,d fo"k; ij yxHkx 150 'kCnksa dk iQhpj vkys[k fyf[k,& (d) ;equk ty dh LoPNrk osQ iz;kl gsrq vfHk;ku ([k) ik o ilkjrk gqvk vkradokn 7 5 iz-la- iz'u vad [kaM&x 55 iz-7 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d dkO;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj fyf[k, & 8 eSa tx&thou dk Hkkj fy, fiQjrk gw ] fiQj Hkh thou esa I;kj fy, fiQjrk gw _ dj fn;k fdlh us >ad`r ftudks Nwdj eSa lk lksa osQ nks rkj fy, fiQjrk gw ! eSa Lusg&lqjk dk iku fd;k djrk gw ] eSa dHkh u tx dk ;ku fd;k djrk gw ] tx iwN jgk mudks] tks tx dh xkrs] eSa vius eu dk xku fd;k djrk gw ! (d) ;s iafDr;k fdl dfork ls yh xbZ gSa vkSj blosQ dfo dkSu gSa\ 1 ([k) ^tx thou dk Hkkj vkSj fiQj Hkh thou ls I;kj* & ;gk dfo us thou osQ lanHkZ esa ;g fojks/h ckr D;ksa dgh gS\ 2 (x) dfo Lusg&lqjk dk iku oSQls djrk gS\ 2 (?k) ^tx iwN jgk mudks tks tx dh xkrs* ls dfo dk D;k vfHkizk; gS\ 2 vFkok ckr lh/h Fkh ij ,d ckj Hkk"kk osQ pDdj esa tjk Vs<+h i Ql xbZA mls ikus dh dksf'k'k esa Hkk"kk dks myVk&iyVk rksM+k&ejksM+k ?kqek;k&fiQjk;k fd ckr ;k rks cus 8 iz-la- iz'u vad ;k fiQj Hkk"kk ls ckgj vk, & ysfdu blls Hkk"kk osQ lkFk&lkFk ckr vkSj Hkh isphnk gksrh pyh xbZA lkjh eqf'dy dks /S;Z ls le>s fcuk eSa isap dks [kksyus osQ ctk, mls csrjg dlrk pyk tk jgk Fkk D;ksafd bl djrc ij eq>s lki+Q lqukbZ ns jgh Fkh rek'kchuksa dh 'kkck'kh vkSj okg&okgA (d) ;s iafDr;k fdl dfork ls yh xbZ gSa vkSj blosQ dfo dkSu gSa\ 1 ([k) ckr vkSj Hkk"kk ijLij tqMs+ gksrs gS] a fdUrq dHkh&dHkh Hkk"kk osQ pDdj esa ^lh/h ckr Hkh Vs<+h gks tkrh gSA* Li"V dhft, oSQls\ 2 (x) bu dkO;iafDr;ksa osQ vk/kj ij crkb, fd gesa Hkk"kk dk iz;ksx oSQls djuk pkfg,\ 2 (?k) ^D;ksafd -------------------------------- okg okg* & bldk HkkokFkZ Li"V dhft,A 2 iz-8 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d dkO;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft,& [ksrh u fdlku dks] fHk[kkjh dks u Hkh[k] cfy] cfud dks cfut] u pkdj dks pkdjhA thfodk fcghu yksx lh|eku lksp cl] dgsa ,d ,du lksa ^dgk tkbZ] dj djh csngw iqjku dgh] yksdgw fcyksfdvr] lk djs lcSa iS] jke! jkojsa d`ik djhA nkfjn&nlkuu nckbZ nquh] nhuca/q! nqfjr&ngu nsf[k rqylh ggk djhAA (d) fdlku] O;kikjh] fHk[kkjh vkSj pkdj fdl ckr ls ijs'kku gSa\ 9 6 iz-la- iz'u vad ([k) csngw iqjku dgh --------- d`ik djh* & bl iafDr dk Hkko lkSan;Z Li"V dhft,A (x) dfo us nfjnzrk dks fdlds leku crk;k gS vkSj D;ksa\ vFkok mgk jke yfNeufg fugkjhA cksys cpu euqt vuqlkjhAA v/Z jkfr xb dfi ufga vk;mA jke mBkM+ vuqt mj yk; AA ldgq u nqf[kr nsf[k eksfg dk A ca/q lnk ro e`nqy lqHkk AA ee fgr ykfx rtsgq firq ekrkA lgsgq fcfiu fge vkri ckrkAA lks vuqjkx dgk vc HkkbZA mBgq u lqfu ee cp fcdykbZAA tkSa tursm cu ca/q fcNksgwA firq cpu eursm ufga ckjkAA lqr fcr ukfj Hkou ifjokjkA gksfga tkfga tx ckjfga ckjkA vl fcpkfj ft;Sa tkxgq rkrkA feyb u txr lgksnj HkzkrkAA tFkk ia[k fcu [kx vfr nhukA efu fcuq iQfu dfjcj dj ghukAA vl ee ftou ca/q fcuq rksghA tkSa tM+ nSo ftvkoS eksghAA tSgm vo/ dou eqgq ykbZA ukfj gsrw fiz; Hkkb x okbZAA c# vitl lgrsm tx ekghaA ukfj gkfu fcls"k Nfr ukghaAA (d) dkO;ka'k osQ Hkko lkSan;Z ij izdk'k Mkfy,A ([k) bu iafDr;ksa dks i<+dj jke&y{e.k dh fdu&fdu fo'ks"krkvksa dk irk pyrk gS\ (x) vafre nks iafDr;ksa dks i<+dj gesa D;k lh[k feyrh gS\ iz-9 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha nks iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & (3+3) 6 (d) ^NksVk esjk [ksr* dfork esa ^cht xy x;k fu%'ks"k* ls D;k rkRi;Z gS\ ([k) fi+Qjkd dh xty esa izd`fr dks fdl rjg fpf=kr fd;k x;k gS\ (x) ^ckny&jkx* 'kh"kZd dh lkFkZdrk fln~/ dhft,A iz-10 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d xn~;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & lsod&/eZ esa guqeku th ls Lin~/kZ djus okyh HkfDru fdlh vatuk dh iq=kh u gksdj ,d vuke /U;k xksikfydk dh dU;k gS & uke gS yNfeu vFkkZr y{ehA ij tSls esjs uke dh fo'kkyrk esjs fy, nqoZg gS] oSls gh y{eh dh le`n~f/ HkfDr osQ diky dh oqaQfpr js[kkvksa esa ugha c / ldhA oSls rks thou esa izk;% lHkh dks vius&vius uke dk fojks/kHkkl ysdj thuk iM+rk gS_ ij HkfDru 10 8 iz-la- iz'u vad cgqr le>nkj gS] D;ksafd og viuk le`n~f/&lwpd uke fdlh dks crkrh ughaA osQoy tc ukSdjh dh [kkst esa vkbZ Fkh] rc bZekunkjh dk ifjp; nsus osQ fy, mlus 'ks"k bfro`Rr osQ lkFk ;g Hkh crk fn;k_ ij bl izkFkZuk osQ lkFk fd eSa dHkh uke dk mi;ksx u d: A miuke j[kus dh izfrHkk gksrh] rks eSa lcls igys mldk iz;ksx vius mQij djrh] bl rF; dks og nsgkfru D;k tkus] blh ls tc eSaus oaQBh ekyk ns[kdj mldk u;k ukedj.k fd;k rc og HkfDru&tSls dfoRoghu uke dks ikdj Hkh xn~xn gks mBhA (d) izLrqr xn~;ka'k fdl ikB ls fy;k x;k gS\ blosQ jpukdkj dkSu gSa\ 1 ([k) HkfDru viuk uke fdlh dks D;ksa ugha crkrh Fkh\ 2 (x) HkfDru dks guqeku th ls Lin~/kZ djus okyh fdl vFkZ esa dgk x;k gS\ 2 (?k) egknsoh th us y{eh dk ukedj.k oSQls fd;k\ 2 vFkok mudk vk'k; Fkk fd ;g iRuh dh efgek gSA ml efgek dk eSa dk;y gw A vkfndky ls bl fo"k; esa ifr ls iRuh dh gh izeq[krk izekf.kr gSA vkSj ;g O;fDrRo dk iz'u ugha] L=khRo dk iz'u gSA L=kh ek;k u tksM+s] rks D;k eSa tksM w\ fiQj Hkh lp lc gS vkSj og ;g fd bl ckr esa iRuh dh vksV yh tkrh gSA ewy esa ,d vkSj rRRo dh efgek lfo'ks"k gSA og rRRo gh euhcSx] vFkkZr~ iSls dh xjeh ;k ,uthZA iSlk ikoj gSA ij mlosQ lcwr esa vkl&ikl eky&Vky u tek gks rks D;k og [kkd ikoj gSA iSls dks ns[kus osQ fy, cSad&fglkc nsf[k,] ij eky&vlckc edku&dksBh rks vuns[ks Hkh nh[krs gSaA iSls dh ml ^ipsZftax ikoj* osQ iz;ksx essa gh ikoj dk jl gSA ysfdu ughaA yksx la;eh Hkh gksrs gSaA os fiQtwy lkeku dks fiQtwy le>rs gSaA os iSlk cgkrs ugha gSa vkSj cqn~f/eku gksrs gSaA cqn~f/ vkSj la;eiwoZd og iSls dks tksM+rs tkrs gSa] tksM+rs tkrs gSaA og iSls dh ikoj dks bruk fu'p; le>rs gSa] mlosQ iz;ksx dh ijh{kk mUgsa njdkj ugha gSA cl [kqn iSls osQ tqM+k gksus ij mudk eu xoZ ls Hkjk iwQyk jgrk gSA (d) izLrqr xn~;ka'k fdl ikB ls fy;k x;k gS\blosQ jpukdkj dkSu gSa\ 1 ([k) ys[kd ds vuqlkj iRuh dh efgek dk D;k dkj.k gS\ 2 (x) vkids vuqlkj L=kh dh vkM+ esa fdl lp dks fNik;k tk jgk gS\ 2 (?k) lkekU;r% la;eh O;fDr D;k djrs gSa\ 2 11 iz-la- iz'u iz-11 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha pkj iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & vad (4x3) 12 (d) ;fn vki /eZohj Hkkjrh osQ LFkku ij gksrs rks thth osQ roZQ lqudj D;k djrs vkSj D;ksa\ ^dkys es?kk ikuh ns* & ikB osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A ([k) ^igyoku dh <ksyd* ikB osQ vk/kj ij crkb, fd yqV~Vu flag <ksy dks viuk xq# D;ksa ekurk Fkk\ (x) pkyhZ pSfIyu dh ftUnxh us mUgsa oSQlk cuk fn;k\ ^pkyhZ pSfIyu ;kuh ge lc* ikB osQ vk/kj ij Li"V dhft,A (?k) ykgkSj vkSj ve`rlj osQ dLVe vf/dkfj;ksa us lfi+Q;k osQ lkFk oSQlk O;ogkj fd;k\ ^ued* ikB osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A ( ) dkfynkl us f'kjh"k dh dkseyrk vkSj f}osnh th us mldh dBksjrk osQ fo"k; esa D;k dgk gS\ ^f'kjh"k osQ iwQy* ikB osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A iz-12 fuEufyf[kr esas ls fdUgha nks iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft,& (3+3) 6 (d) ;'kks/j ckcw dh iRuh eq[;r% iqjkus laLdkjksa okyh Fkh] fiQj fdu dkj.kksa ls og vk/qfud cu xbZ\ ^flYoj oSfMax* ikB osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A ([k) ik poh d{kk esa ikl u gksus osQ i'pkr ys[kd dks oSQlk yxk\ ^tw>* dgkuh osQ vk/kj ij fyf[k,\ (x) ,su dh Mk;jh osQ ek ;e ls gekjk eu lHkh ;qn~/ ihfM+rksa osQ fy, oSQlk vuqHko djrk gS\ ^Mk;jh osQ iUus* dgkuh osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A iz-13 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha nks iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft,& (2+2) 4 (d) fla/q&lH;rk esa uxj&fu;kstu ls Hkh dgha T;knk lkSan;Z&cks/ osQ n'kZu gksrs gSaA ^vrhr esa ncs ik o* ikB esa fn, rF;ksa osQ vk/kj ij tkudkjh nhft,A ([k) ^tw>* dgkuh osQ ek ;e ls ys[kd us D;k lh[k nh gS\ (x) ;'kks/j ckcw dk O;ogkj vkidks oSQlk yxk\^flYoj oSfMax* dgkuh osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A iz-14 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d iz'u dk m kj nhft, & (d) ^Mk;jh osQ iUus* ikB osQ vk/kj ij ,su }kjk of.kZr lsa/ekjksa okyh ?kVuk dk o.kZu vius 'kCnksa esa dhft,A ([k) ^vrhr esa ncs ik o* ikB osQ vk/kj ij fla/q&lH;rk esa izkIr oLrqvksa dk o.kZu dhft,A 12 5 lh-ch-,l-bZ- izfrn'kZ iz'ui=k&2 fganh & osQfUnzd d{kk & ckjgoha le;% 3 ?kaVs iw.kk d & 100 funsZ'k % bl iz'u&i=k osQ pkj [kaM gS & ^d*] ^[k*] ^x*] ^?k*A lHkh iz'uksa dks ozQekuqlkj dhft,A iz-la- iz'u vad [kaM&d iz-1 fuEufyf[kr dkO;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & 1- eueksguh izd`fr dh tks xksn esa clk gSA lq[k LoxZ&lk tgk gS] og ns'k dkSu&lk gSAA ftlosQ pj.k fujarj jRus'k /ks jgk gSA ftldk eqoqQV fgeky;] og ns'k dkSu&lk gS 2- ufn;k tgk lq/k dh /kjk cgk jgh gSaA lhapk gqvk lyksuk] og ns'k dkSu&lk gSAA ftlosQ cM+s jlhys] iQy oaQn] ukt] esosA lc vax esa lts gSa] og ns'k dkSu&lk gSAA 3- ftlosQ lqxa/ okys] lqanj izlwu I;kjsA fnu&jkr g l jgs gSa] og ns'k dkSu&lk gSAA eSnku] fxfj] ouksa esa] gfj;kfy;k egdrhaA vkuane; tgk gS] og ns'k dkSu&lk gSAA 4- ftldh vuar ou ls /jrh Hkjh iM+h gSA lalkj dk f'kjksef.k] og ns'k dkSu&lk gSAA lc ls izFke txr esa tks lH; Fkk ;'kLohA txnh'k dk nqykjk] og ns'k dkSu&lk gSAA 13 (1x5) 5 iz-la- iz'u vad (d) eueksfguh izd`fr dh xksn esa dkSu&lk ns'k clk gqvk gS vkSj ogk dkSu&lk lq[k izkIr gksrk gS\ 1 ([k) Hkkjr dh ufn;ksa dh D;k fo'ks"krk gS\ 1 (x) Hkkjr osQ iwQyksa dk Lo:i oSQlk gS\ 1 (?k) txnh'k dk nqykjk ns'k Hkkjr lalkj dk f'kjksef.k oSQls gS\ 1 ( ) dkO;ka'k dk lkFkZd ,oa mi;qDr 'kh"kZd fyf[k,A iz-2 fuEufyf[kr xn~;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & Hkkjr ,d LorU=k /eZfujis{k jk"V gSA bl jk"V esas nf{k.k esa fLFkr dU;koqQekjh ls ysdj m kj esa dk'ehj rd foLr`r&Hkw&Hkkx gSA ;g Hkw&Hkkx vusd jkT;ksa osQ e ; caVk gqvk gSA ;gk vusd /ekZuq;k;h rFkk Hkk"kk&Hkk"kh yksx jgrs gSaA laiw.kZ jk"V dk ,d ot] ,d yksdlHkk] ,d jk"V fp rFkk ,d gh lafo/ku gSA bu lHkh ls feydj jk"V dk :i curk gSA ns'k tc vaxztksa osQ v/hu Fkk rc ns'k osQ izR;sd Hkk"kk&Hkk"kh rFkk /eZ dk voyEcu djus okys us ns'k dks LorU=k djkus dk iz;Ru fd;k FkkA mUgksaus egkRek xka/h osQ usr`Ro esa pyus okys Lok/hurk vkUnksyu esa Hkh Hkkx fy;k FkkA blh osQ ifj.kkeLo:i gekjk ns'k 15 vxLr 1947 esa LorU=k gqvkA bl LorU=k ns'k dk lafo/ku cuk vkSj og 26 tuojh 1950 esa ykxw gqvkA bl lafo/ku osQ ykxw gksus osQ i'pkr~ gekjk ns'k x.kra=k dgyk;kA 15 vxLr dks Lok/hurk fnol rFkk 25 tuojh dks x.kra=k fnol gesa ozQe'k% blh fnu dh ;kn fnykrs gSaA Hkkjr dh lokZf/d mYys[kuh; fo'ks"krk esa ,drk gSA ;gk ij fofHkUu /eZ] tkfr rFkk lEiznk; osQ yksx jgrs gSaA bu lHkh yksxksa dh cksyh vkSj Hkk"kk Hkh fHkUu gSA HkkSxksfyd n`f"V ls ns[ksa rks ;gk ij dgha m Qps&m Qps igkM+ gSa rks dgha lery eSnkuA dgha mitkmQ Hkwfe gS rks dgha jsfxLrkuA nf{k.k esa fgUn egklkxj ygygk jgk gSA izkphu dky esa tc ;krk;kr osQ lk/u fodflr gq, Fks rc ;g fofo/rk Li"V :i ls >ydrh FkhA vk/qfud dky esa ,d ls ,d nqzrxkeh ;krk;kr osQ lk/u cu pqosQ gSa ftlls ns'k dh ;g HkkSxksfyd lhek floqQM+ xbZ gSaA vc ,d Hkkx ls nwljs Hkkx esa ge 'kh?kz gh igq p ldrs gSaA lkaLd`frd n`f"V ls ns[ksa rks lEiw.kZ ns'k esa ,d vn~Hkqr lekurk fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSA lkjs ns'k esa fofHkUu nsoh&nsorkvksa osQ eafnj gSA bu lc esa izk;% ,d&lh iwtk i fr pyrh gSA lHkh /kfeZd yksxksa esa ozr&R;ksgkjksa dks ekuus dh ,d&lh izo`f k gSA osn] jkek;.k vkSj egkHkkjr vkfn xzaFkksa ij /kfeZd vuq"Bku /eZ vk;k rks mlosQ Hkh vuq;k;h lkjs ns'k esa foiqy lkfgR; dh jpuk dh xbZA tc bLyke /eZ vk;k rks mlosQ Hkh vuq;k;h lkjs ns'k esa iSQy x;sA blh izdkj bZlkbZ /ekZoyEch lEiw.kZ ns'k esa ik;s tkrs gSaA blls lkjk ns'k oLrqr% ,d gh lw=k esa ca/k gqvk gSA Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esa <ys izR;sd O;fDr dh viuh igpku gSA bl igpku osQ dkj.k bl ns'k dks yksx ,d nwljs ls 14 1 iz-la- iz'u vad viuk fHkUu vfLrRo j[krs gSaA fofHkUu izdkj osQ jgu&lgu rFkk igukos osQ gksus ij Hkh lkjk ns'k oLrqr% ,d gh gSA ;g lkaLd`frd ,drk gh oLrqr% bl ns'k dh og 'kfDr gS ftlls bruk cM+k ns'k ,d lw=k esa ca/k gqvk gSA fofo/rk esa ,drk dh bl fo'ks"krk ij lHkh Hkkjrh; xoZ djrs gSa rFkk bl ij lalkj nax gSA jk"V h; ,drk dks v{kq..k cuk, j[kus osQ fy, vusd iz;Ru fd, x, gSaA vusd egkiq#"kksa rFkk usrkvksa us bl izdkj osQ voljksa ij turk ls vkxzg fd;k vkSj turk esa ,d izdkj dh tkx`fr Hkh vkbZ fdUrq LFkk;h u jg ldhA egkRek xka/h dk thou jk"V h; ,drk ls vksr&izksr FkkA mudk lewpk thou jk"V h; ,drk dk ToyUr mnkgj.k FkkA egkRek xka/h rks dHkh&dHkh ,d ekl dk miokl Hkh djrs FksA ^^fgUnw&eqfLye HkkbZ&HkkbZ** osQ ukjs yxk, tkrs FksA vUr esa egkRek th osQ cfynku dk ,dek=k vk/kj ^jk"V h; ,drk* gh FkkA bl fn'kk esa Jh usg: osQ iz;Ruksa dks Hkh Hkqyk;k ugha tk ldrkA ;g ckr nwljh gS fd fLFkfr esa dksbZ fo'ks"k ifjorZu ugha gqvkA 'kuS% 'kuS% HkkokRed ,drk dk fodkl gqvkA bl le; i`Fkdrkoknh fopkj/kjk iui jgh gSA gesa ,slh fopkj/kjk dks lekIr djuk pkfg,A leLr jkT; la?k x.kjkT; Hkkjr osQ vfHkUu vax gSA leLr egkekuoksa] usrkvksa] jktuhfr osQ iafMrksa rFkk egku lkfgR;dkjksa dks turk esa Hkkjrh;rk owQV&owQV dj Hkjuh pkfg,A ;g iz;Ru fuLlUnsg jk"V h; ,drk esa lgk;d gksxkA izR;sd Hkkjrh; dks ladh.kZ fopkj/kjk dk ifjR;kx dj O;kid n`f"Vdks.k viukuk pkfg,A rHkh gekjh jk"V h; ,drk v{kq..k cuh jg ldrh gS] tks vkt dh ,d egRoiw.kZ vis{kk gSA (d) jk"V dk fuekZ.k dkSu&lh phtsa fey dj djrh gSa\ 1 ([k) fdlds ifj.kkeLo:i ns'k 15 vxLr 1947 eas Lora=k gqvk Fkk\ 1 (x) Hkkjr dh mYys[kuh; fo'ks"krk D;k gS\ 1 (?k) ns'k dh HkkSxksfyd lhek fdl izdkj floqQM+ xbZ izrhr gksrh gS\ 1 ( ) lkaLd`frd n`f"V ls ns'k esa D;k lekurk fn[kkbZ iM+rh gS\ 2 (p) Hkkjr esa vusdrk esa ,drk oSQls gS\ 2 (N) egkRek xka/h dk thou oSQlk Fkk\ 1 (t) dkSu&lk iz;Ru jk"V h; ,drk esa lgk;d gksxk\ 1 (>) gekjh jk"V h; ,drk oSQls v{kq..k cuh jg ldrh gS\ 1 ( k) xn~;ka'k esa ls ^rk* izR;; ls nks 'kCn cukb,A 1 (r) ^lkaLd`frd* 'kCn dk okD; esa iz;ksx dhft,A 1 (Fk) foykse 'kCn fyf[k, & ^vk/qfud*] ^vis{kk*A 1 (n) 1 xn~;ka'k dk mi;qDr 'kh"kZd fyf[k,A 15 iz-la- iz'u vad [kaM&[k 25 iz-3 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fuca/ fyf[k, & 5 (d) vusdrk esa ,drk&Hkkjr dh fo'ks"krkA ([k) euksjatu osQ vk/qfud lk/uA (x) foKkiu dyk osQ ykHkA (?k) gekjs R;ksgkj&gekjk xkSjo iz-4 fdlh nSfud lekpkj&i=k osQ iz/ku laiknd dks lqeu dh vksj ls i=k fyf[k,] ftlesa iqLrdksa osQ ewY;ksa esa fujarj gksus okyh o`n~f/ dks ysdj fpark izdV dh xbZ gksA 5 vFkok vius uxj osQ egkikSj dks i=k fy[kdj uxj esa fu;fer ,oa vi;kZIr ty&forj.k ls gksus okyh vlqfo/kvksa osQ izfr mudk ;ku vkd`"V dhft,A iz-5 (v) fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds laf{kIr m kj nhft, & (d) mYVk fijkfeM 'kSyh D;k gksrh gS\ 1 ([k) i=kdkfjrk dh Hkk"kk esa ^chV* fdls dgrs gSa\ 1 (x) i=kdkfjrk dk ewy rRo D;k gS\ 1 (?k) iQhpj ys[ku vkSj lekpkj esa D;k vUrj gS\ 1 ( ) Ng ddkj dkSu ls gSa\ 1 (vk) fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fjiksVZ rS;kj dhft, 5 (1) ^gesa >qXxhofl;ksa ds lkFk ,d dk;Z'kkyk esa Hkkx ,oa mudh 'kkspuh; n'kk ns[kusa dk volj feyk*A bl ij ,d fjiksVZ rS;kj dhft,A (2) ^gj lky cPpksa dh gR;k vkSj vigj.k dh ?kVuk, c<+rh tk jgh gSa* vius fo|ky; dh if=kdk dsfy, 'kks/ ds mijkar ,d fjiksVZ rS;kj dhft,A iz-6 fdlh ,d fo"k; ij yxHkx 150 'kCnksa dk iQhpj vkys[k fyf[k, & (d) ;qok ih<+h esa ?kVrs laLdkj ([k) nwjn'kZu & dy vkSj vkt 16 5 iz-la- iz'u [kaM&x iz-7 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d dkO;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj fyf[k, & vad 55 8 eSa fut mj osQ mn~xkj fy, fiQjrk gw ] eSa fut mj osQ migkj fy, fiQjrk gw ] gS ;g viw.kZ lalkj u eq>dks Hkkrk eSa LoIuksa dk lalkj fy, fiQjrk gw ! eSa tyk n; esa vfXu] ngk djrk gw ] lq[k&nq[k nksuksa esa eXu jgk djrk gw ] tx Hko&lkxj rjus dks uko cuk,] eSa Hko ekStksa ij eLr cgk djrk gw A (d) ;s iafDr;k fdl dfork ls yh xbZ gS vkSj blosQ dfo dkSu gSa\ 1 ([k) ^fut mj osQ mn~xkj o migkj* & ls dfo dk D;k rkRi;Z gS\Li"V dhft,A 2 (x) dfo dks lalkj vPNk D;ksa ugha yxrk gS\ 2 (?k) lalkj esa d"Vksa dks lgdj Hkh [kq'kh dk ekgkSy oSQls cuk;k tk ldrk gS\ 2 vFkok dfork ,d mM+ku gS fpfM+;k osQ cgkus dfork dh mM+ku Hkyk fpfM+;k D;k tkus ckgj Hkhrj bl ?kj] ml ?kj dfork osQ ia[k yxk mM+us osQ ekus fpfM+;k D;k tkus\ dfork ,d f[kyuk gS iwQyksa osQ cgkus dfork dk f[kyuk Hkyk iwQy D;k tkus! ckgj Hkhrj bl ?kj] ml ?kj fcuk eqj>k, egdus osQ ekus 17 iz-la- iz'u vad iwQy D;k tkus\ dfork ,d [ksy gS cPpksa osQ cgkus ckgj Hkhrj ;g ?kj] og ?kj lc ?kj ,d dj nsus osQ ekus cPpk gh tkusA (d) ;s iafDr;k fdl dfork ls yh xbZ gSa vkSj blosQ dfo dkSu gSa\ 1 ([k) bu dkO;iafDr;ksa esa ^mM+us* vkSj ^f[kyus* dk dfork ls D;k laca/ gks ldrk gS\ 2 (x) dfo ^dfork* vkSj ^cPps* dks lekukarj D;ksa ekuk gS\ 2 (?k) dfork osQ lanHkZ esas ^fcuk eqj>k, egdus osQ ekus* D;k gksrs gSa\ 2 iz-8 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d dkO;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & (2x3) 6 fdlch] fdlku&oqQy] cfud] fHk[kkjh] HkkV] pkdj] piy uV] pksj] pkj psVdhA isVdks i<+r] xqu x<+r] p<+r fxfj] vVr xgu&xu vgu v[ksVdhAA m Qps&uhps dje] /je&v/je dfj] isV gh dks ipr] cspr csVk&csVdhA ^rqylh* cq>kb ,d jke ?kuL;ke gh rsa] vkfx cM+okfxrsa cM+h gS vkfx isVdhAA (d) bu dkO;iafDr;ksa dk Hkko&lkSan;Z Li"V dhft,A 2 ([k) isV dh vkx dks oSQls 'kk r fd;k tk ldrk gS\ 2 (x) ^isV dks i<+r] xqu x<+r] p<+r fxfj* & bl iafDr ls dfo dk D;k vfHkizk; gS\ 2 vFkok gjf"k jke HksaVsm guqekukA vfr d`rX; izHkq ije lqtkukAA rqjr cSn rc dhfUg mikbZA mfB cSBs yfNeu gj"kkbZAA 18 iz-la- iz'u vad n; ykb izHkq HksaVsm HkzkrkA gj"ks ldy Hkkyq dfi czkrkAA dfi iqfu cSn rgk igq pkokA tsfg fcf/ rcfga rkfg yb vkokAA ;g c`rkar nlkuu lqusmQA vfr fc"kkn iqfu iqfu flj /qusmQAA C;koqQy oqaQHkdju ifga vkokA fcfc/ tru dfj rkfg txkokAA tkxk fuflpj nsf[kv oSQlkA ekugq dkyq nsg /fj cSlkAA oqaQHkdju cw>k dgq HkkbZA dkgs ro eq[k jgs lq[kkbZAA dFkk dgh lc rsfga vfHkekuhA tsfg izdkj lhrk gfj vkuhAA rkr dfiUg lc fuflpj ekjsA egk egk tks/k la?kkjsAA nqeqZ[k lqjfjiq euqt vgkjhA HkV vfrdk; voaQiu HkkjhAA vij egksnj vkfnd chjkA ijs lej efg lc ju/hjkAA (d) dkO;ka'k dk Hkko lkSan;Z Li"V dhft,A ([k) bu iafDr;ksa osQ vk/kj ij guqeku dh fo'ks"krk, crkb,A (x) jko.k us vius HkkbZ oaqQHkdj.k dks D;ksa txk;k\blls mlosQ ckjs esa D;k irk pyrk gS\ iz-9 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha nks iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft,& (3+3) 6 (d) ^fd'kksj vkSj ;qok oxZ lekt dk ekxZn'kZd gSA* & ^irax* dfork osQ vk/kj ij Li"V dht,A ([k) ^oSQejs esa can vikfgt* 'kh"kZd dh lkFkZdrk fl dhft,A (x) ^NksVk esjk [ksr* dfork esa ^dkxt+ dk ,d iUuk* vkSj ^[ksr* esa fdl vk/kj ij lekurk n'kkZ;h xbZ gS\ iz-10 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d x|ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & firk dk ml ij vxk/ izse gksus ds dkj.k LoHkkor% bZ";kZyq vkSj laifRr dh j{kk esa lrdZ foekrk us muds ej.kkard jksx lekpkj rc Hkstk] tc og e`R;q dh lwpuk Hkh cu pqdk FkkA jksus&ihVus ds vi'kdqu ls cpus ds fy, lkl us Hkh mls dqN u crk;kA cgqr fnu ls uSgj ugha xbZ] lks tkdj ns[k vkos] ;gh dgdj vkSj iguk&m<+kdj lkl us mls fonk dj fn;kA bl vizR;kf'kr vuqxzg us mlds iSjksa esa tks ia[k yxk fn, Fks] os xk o dh lhek esa igq prs gh >M+ x,A ^gk; yNfeu vc vkbZ* dh vLi"V iqujko`fR;k vkSj Li"V lgkuqHkwfriw.kZ n`f"V;k mls ?kj rd Bsy ys xbZaA ij ogk u firk dk fpg~u 'ks"k Fkk] u foekrk ds O;ogkj esa f'k"Vkpkj dk ys'k FkkA nq[k ls f'kfFky vkSj vieku ls tyrh gqbZ og ml ?kj esa ikuh Hkh fcuk fi, myVs iSjksa llqjky ykSV iM+hA lkl dks 19 8 iz-la- iz'u vad [kjh&[kksVh lqukdj mlus foekrk ij vk;k gqvk ks/ 'kkar fd;k vkSj ifr ds ij xgus isaQd&isQad dj mlus firk ds fpj foNksg dh eeZO;Fkk O;Dr dhA (d) izLrqr xn~;ka'k fdl ikB ls fy;k x;k gS\ blds jpukdkj dkSu gS\ 1 ([k) HkfDru dks mlds firk dh chekjh dk lekpkj D;ksa ugha fn;k x;k\ 2 (x) yNfeu (HkfDru) dh lkl us mlls firk dh e`R;q dk lekpkj D;ksa fNik;k\ 2 (?k) firk ds ?kj igq pdj Hkh yNfeu fcuk ikuh fi, myVs iSjksa D;ksa ykSV xbZ\ 2 vFkok eSaus eu esa dgk] BhdA ckt+kj vkeaf=kr djrk gS fd vkvks eq>s ywVksA lc Hkwy tkvks] eq>s ns[kksA esjk :i vkSj fdlds fy, gS\ eSa rqEgkjs fy, gw \ eSa rqEgkjs fy, gw A ugha dqN pkgrs gks] rks Hkh ns[kus esa D;k gjt+ gSA vth vkvks HkhA bl vkea=k.k esa ;g [kwch gS fd vkxzg ugha gS] vkxzg frjLdkj txkrk gSA ysfdu ps ckt+kj dk vkea=k.k ewd gksrk gS vkSj mlls pkg txrh gSA pkg eryc vHkkoA pkSd ckt+kj esa [kM+s gksdj vkneh dks yxus yxrk gS fd mlds vius ikl dki+Qh ugha vkSj pkfg,] vkSj pkfg,A esjs ;gk fdruk ifjfer gS vkSj ;gk fdruk vrqfyr gS vksg! dksbZ vius dks u tkus rks ckT+kkj dk ;g pkSd mls dkeuk ls fody cuk NksM+sA fody D;ksa] ikxyA vlarks"k] r`".kk vkSj bZ";kZ ls ?kk;y dj euq"; dks lnk ds fy, ;g csdkj cuk Mky ldrk gSA (d) izLrqr xn~;ka'k ds ys[kd dkSu gSa\ bls fdl ikB ls fy;k x;k gS\ 1 ([k) xn~;ka'k ds vkjaHk esa dkSu] fdlls vkSj D;k dg jgk gS\ 2 (x) pkg dk eryc vHkko D;ksa dgk x;k gS\ 2 (?k) ckt+kj ds pkSd ds ckjs esa D;k crk;k x;k gS\ 2 iz-11 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha pkj iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & (3x4) 12 (d) ^dkys es?kk ikuh ns* ikB osQ vk/kj ij ty vkSj o"kkZ osQ vHkko esa xk o dh n'kk dk o.kZu dhft,A ([k) ^<ksy es rks tSls igyoku dh tku clh FkhA* & ^igyoku dh <ksyd* ikB osQ vk/kj ij bls fl dhft,A (x) pkyhZ pSfIyu us n'kZdksa dh oxZ rFkk o.kZ&O;oLFkk dks oSQls rksM+k gS\& ^pkyhZ pSfIyu ;kuh ge lc* ikB osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A 20 iz-la- iz'u (?k) vad fl[k chch osQ izfr lfiQ;k osQ vkd"kZ.k dk D;k dkj.k Fkk\ ^ued* ikB osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A ( ) f'kjh"k r# osQ vo/wr :i osQ dkj.k ys[kd dks fdl egkRek dh ;kn vkrh gS vkSj D;ksa\ ^f'kjh"k osQ iwQy* ikB osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A iz-12 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha nks iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft, & (2x3) 6 (d) ;'kks/j ckcw dk vius cPpksa osQ lkFk oSQlk O;ogkj Fkk\ ^flYoj oSfMax* dgkuh osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A ([k) fdl ?kVuk ls irk pyrk gS fd ys[kd dh ek mlosQ eu dh ihM+k le> jgh Fkh\ ^tw>* dgkuh osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A (x) ,su dh Mk;jh ls mldh fd'kksjkoLFkk osQ ckjs esa D;k irk pykrk gS\ ^Mk;jh osQ iUus* dgkuh osQ vk/kj ij fyf[k,A iz-13 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha nks iz'uksa osQ m kj nhft,& (2+2) 4 (d) fla/q&lH;rk lk/u&laiUu Fkh] ij mlesa HkO;rk dk vkMacj ugha Fkk ^vrhr esa ncs ik o* ikB osQ vk/kj ij Li"V dhft,A ([k) ^flYoj oSfMax* dgkuh osQ ek ;e ls ys[kd us D;k lans'k nsus dk iz;kl fd;k gS\ (x) ys[kd dk ikB'kkyk esa fo'okl oSQls c<+k\ ^tw>* dgkuh osQ vk/kj ij crkb,A iz-14 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d iz'u dk m kj nhft, & (d) ^vrhr esa ncs ik o* ikB osQ vk/kj ij 'kh"kZd dh lkFkZdrk fln~/ dhft,A ([k) ^Mk;jh osQ iUus* ikB osQ vk/kj ij fln~/ dhft, fd ,su izSaQd cgqr izfrHkk'kkyh rFkk ifjiDo Fkh\ 21 5 vad ;kstuk izfrn'kZ iz'ui=k&1 fganh & osQafnzd d{kk & ckjgoha le;% 3 ?kaVs iw.kk d & 100 funsZ'k % bl iz'u&i=k osQ pkj [kaM gS & ^d*] ^[k*] ^x*] ^?k*A lHkh iz'uksa dks ozQekuqlkj dhft,A iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad [kaM&d iz-1 (d) izFke dkO;ka'k osQ ek ;e ls dfo us euq"; dks ;g izsj.kk nh gS fd og viuh leLr 'kfDr;k ,df=kr djosQ ifjJe djs D;ksafd ifjJe djus ls gh thou esa izxfr laHko gSA ([k) iq#"kkFkZ ls euq"; LokFkZ rFkk ijekFkZ dj ldrk gS rFkk fo'o esa lq[k&'kkfUr dh LFkkiuk dj ldrk gSA (x) (?k) bl iafDr dk vFkZ gS fd euq"; deZ djrs gq, ojnku osQ leku liQyrk dks /kj.k djs] vFkkZr~ thou esa liQyrk izkIr djus osQ fy, ifjJe vfuok;Z gSA 1 1 1 viq#"kkFkZ vFkkZr~ iq#"kkFkZ u djuk] mn~;e u djukA okLro esa viq#"kkFkZ euq"; osQ fy, ,d iki osQ leku gSA D;ksafd viq#"kkFkZ esa u rks ;'k gS] u izrki gSA vFkkZr~ mn~;eghu euq"; dks thou esa ;'k vkSj ohjRo nksuksa dh gh izkfIr ugha gksrhA 1 ( ) 'kh"kZd & iq#"k gks iq#"kkFkZ djks@iq#"kkFkZ dk egRoA iz-2 1 (d) 'kh"kZd&csjkstxkjksa osQ fy, jkstxkj@jkstxkj osQ fy, lwlu dh HkwfedkA 1 ([k) Hkkjr esa djksM+ks ;qokvksa esa ls dbZ rks csjkstxkj gSa rks dbZ dksbZ NksVk&eksVk /a/k dj jgs gSaA ;s lHkh iSlk dekus dh bPNk j[krs gSa rkfd] Hkfo"; esa th losQA 1 (x) f'k{kkfon~ lwlj LV kWM dks Hkkjr esa dbZ eqf'dy lokyksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA 1 (?k) lwlu ;qokvksa dh mQtkZ dk bLrseky ,d j.kuhfr osQ rgr jk"V h; fodkl] yksdra=k dks c<+kok nsus vkSj csjkstxkjh dh leL;k ls fuiVus osQ fy, djrh gSA 1 ( ) vizQhdk esa csjkstxkj ;qokvksa dks v'osrksa osQ bykosQ esa de dher osQ edku cukus osQ dk;ZozQe ls tksM+k x;kA blls bUgksaus Hkou fuekZ.k osQ xqj lh[ks rFkk Vhe osQ :i esa dke djuk lh[kkA 1 (p) ;qokvksa dks lsok laaca/h dk;ZozQeksa osQ ek ;e ls mi;ksxh ifj;kstukvksa ls tksM+k tk ldrk gS rFkk blosQ ,ot esa bUgsa oqQN iSlk Hkh fn;k tk ldrk gSA 1 22 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad (N) vesfjdk esa ;qokvksa us T;knkrj jk"V h; mn~;kuksa dk l`tu yk[kksa dh la[;k esa isM+ yxk dj fd;kA 1 (t) ^vesfjdk* osQ tfj, gj lky 75 gtkj ;qokvksa dks jkstxkj fn;k tkrk gSA bu ;qokvksa dh vk;q chl ls rhl lky rd gksrh gSaA 1 (>) T;knk ;qokvksa dh ftUnxh dks izHkkfor djus osQ fy, T;knk ls T;knk tu lalk/uksa dh O;oLFkk djuh gksxhA 1 ( k) Nk=ko`f k & d{kk nloha ls izFke vkus ij esjs NksVs HkkbZ dks fnYyh ljdkj us Nk=ko`f k nhA 2 fodkl'khy & fodkl'khy ns'k Hkh vkxs c<+us dh izfrLi/kZ esa yxs gq, gSaA (r) i;kZ;okph (nks&nks) & 2 vehj & /uh] /uk<~; vfrfFk & esgeku] vkxUrqd (Fk) foykse 'kCn & 1 foiUu & lEiUu U;wure & vf/dre (n) csjkstxkjh 1 milxZ & cs izR;; & bZ [kaM&[k 5 2 ([k) fo"k; oLrq (de ls de rhu izeq[k fcUnqvksa ij foe'kZ) 2 (x) iz-4 fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fuca/ visf{kr gS & (d) Hkwfedk vkSj milagkj iz-3 Hkk"kk dh 'kq rk ,oa lexz Hkko 1 i=k&ys[ku fdlh ,d fo"k; ij visf{kr gS & 5 (d) izkjaHk ,oa var dh vkSipkfjdrk, 2 ([k) iz'ukuq:i fo"k;&oLrq 2 23 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq (x) Hkk"kk dh 'kqn~/rk vkSj lexz Hkko vad 1 iz-5 (v) lHkh ds laf{kIr m kj visf{kr gSa & (d) ist Fkzh i=kdkfjrk dk rkRi;Z ,slh i=kdkfjrk ls gSa ftlesa iSQ'ku] vehjksa dh cM+h&cM+h 1 ikfVZ;ksa] egfiQyksa rFk yksdfiz; yksxksa osQ futh thou osQ ckjs esa crk;k tkrk gSA ;g lkekU; rFkk lekpkj i=k osQ i`"B rhu ij izdkf'kr gksrh gSA ([k) egRoiw.kZ] yksdfiz; ys[kdksa osQ ys[kksa dh fu;fer J`a[kyk dks LraHk ys[ku dgk tkrk gSA 1 blesa ys[kd osQ fopkj vfHkO;Dr gksrs gSaA (x) lekpkj ek ;eksa esa fdlh lekpkj dks izdkf'kr ;k izlkfjr gksus osQ fy, igq pus dh 1 vkf[kjh le;&lhek dks MsM ykbu dgk tkrk gSA (?k) i=kdkjh; ys[ku esa i=kdkj ikBdks] a n'kZdksa o Jksrkvksa rd lwpuk, igqp kus osQ fy, ys[ku 1 osQ fofHkUu :Iksa dk bLrseky djrs gSa] tcfd lkfgfR;d&l`tukRed ys[ku esa fparu osQ tfj, ubZ jpuk dk mn~Hko gksrk gSA ( ) iQhpj ys[ku dh Hkk"kk ljy] :ikRed] vkd"kZd o eu dks Nwus okyh gksuh pkfg,A 1 (vk) (1) fo"k; ij lH;d fparu 5 (2) Hkk"kk] lgt] ljy o jkspd (3) milagkj :ih lek/kuA iz-6 iQhpj&ys[ku 5 (d) izkjEHk vkSj lekiu 2 ([k) izHkkoh izLrqfr 2 (x) 1 mi;qDr Hkk"kk [kaM&x iz-7 dksbZ ,d i|ka'k ds m kj visf{kr gSa& (d) dfo & gfjoa'k jk; cPpu 1 dfork & vkRe ifjp; ([k) D;ksf a d nksuks (dfo vkSj lalkj) vyx&vyx izof ` k;ksa ds gSA a dfo dks lalkj viw.kZ yxrk 2 gS vkSj og mlds volkn] nq[k&nnZ esa Hkh [kq'kh ryk'k ysrk gSA 24 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad 2 (x) dfo izse dh ekndrk] mlds ikxyiu dks gj iy eglwl djrk jgrk gS & ekuks fdlh us mlds thou dks izse&Li'kZ nsdj mlds eu dh >a r dj fn;k gksA (?k) blls ;g vfHkizk; gS fd lalkj mUgs gh vknj&lEeku nsrk gS tks lalkj dk xq.kxku djrs 2 gSa] mudk lEeku ugh djrk tks lalkj dh bPNk ls ugha vfirq viuh bPNk ls xhr xkrs gSaA vFkok (d) dfo & Jh dqo j ukjk;.k 1 dfork & ckr lh/h Fkh ij ([k) Hkk"kk vkSj ckr esa ijLij laca/ gS dbZ ckj Hkk"kk esa dk 'kCntky dfo viuh ckr dks izHkkoh cukus ds fy, cqurk gS] rkjhi+Q ikus ds fy, cqurk gSA fiQj blh tky esa iQ ldj 2 ckr viuk vFkZ vkSj Lo:i [kksdj Vs<+h gks tkrh gSA (x) ftl ckr dks ge lh/h ljy Hkk"kk esa cksydj vfHkO;Dr dj ldrs gSa] mlds fy, isphnk 'kCn tky ugha cquuk pkfg,A Hkk"kk dks lgt :i ls iz;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 2 (?k) vFkkZr~ dfo us Hkk"kk dks ftruk cukoVh <ax ls vkSj mls ykx&yisV djus okys 'kCnksa ds lkFk iz;ksx fd;k] ml ij mls mruh gh vf/d iz'kalk fey jgh FkhA 2 iz-8 fdlh ,d dkO;ka'k ds m kj visf{kr gS& (d) fdlku dks [ksrh ds volj ugha feyrs] O;kikjh ds ikl O;kikj dh deh gS] fHk[kkjh dks Hkh[k ugh feyrh vkSj ukSdj dks ukSdjh ugh feyrhA 2 ([k) osn&iqjk.k esa Hkh ;gh fy[kk gS fd Hkxoku Jh jke dh ik n`f"V iM+us ij gh nfjnzrk nwj gks ldrh gSA 2 (x) 2 nfjnzrk dks nl eq[k okys jko.k ds leku crk;k gS D;ksafd og Hkh jko.k dh rjg lekt ds gj oxZ dks izHkkfor dj viuk vR;kpkj p pyk jgh gSA vFkok (d) fo".kq Hkxoku ds vorkj Hkxoku Jh jke dk euq"; ds leku O;kdqy gksuk] vkt ds ;qx esa tc yksx vius Hkkb;ksa ls >xM+rs jgrs gSa] rks jke] y{e.k vkSj Hkjr dk ;g ijLij vxk/ izse gekjs fy, izsj.kk dk lzksr gSA ([k) nksuks Hkkb;ksa esa ijLij vxk/ izse FkkA Jh jke vuqt ls cgqr yxko j[krs Fks rFkk nksuksa esa firk&iq=k dk lk laca/ FkkA ogha y{e.k Jh jke dk cgqr lEeku djrs FksA (x) Hkxoku Jh jke ds vuqlkj lalkj ds lc lq[k HkkbZ ij U;kSNkoj fd, tk ldrs gSaA HkkbZ 25 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad ds vHkko esa thou O;FkZ gS vkSj HkkbZ tSlk dksbZ gks gh ugha ldrkA vkt ds ;qx esa ;g lh[k vusd lkekftd d"Vksa ls eqDr djok ldrh gSA iz-9 dksbZ nks m kj visf{kr gSa & (d) dfork dh [ksrh esa dfo us dkxt+ue q k [ksr ij vkbZ fopkjksa dh vk /h dk mYys[k fd;k 3 gSA blh ds ifj.kkeLo:i og {k.k vk;k tc ys[ku vkjaHk gqvkA dYiukvksa ds izHkko ls og {k.k xkS.k gks x;k vkSj dfork dk tUe gqvk] tSls [ksr esa jksik gqvk cht yqIr gksdj vadqj vkSj ikS/s dks tUe nsrk gSA blds vfrfjDr uohu l`tu ds fy, l`tudrkZ dks R;kx djuk iM+rk gSA dHkh&dHkh rks ;g fLFkfr Hkh gksrh gS fd cfynku ds i'pkr uofuekZ.k vkdkj ikrk gSA ([k) fi+Qjkd dh xt+y ds izFke nks 'ksj iz fr o.kZu dks gh lefiZr gSaA izFke 'ksj esa dfy;ksa 3 ds f[kyus dh izf ;k dk Hkkoiw.kZ o.kZu gSA dfo bl 'ksj dks uo jlksa ls vkjaHk djrk gSA gj dksey xk B ds [kqy tkus esa dfy;ksa dk f[kyuk vkSj nwljk izrhdkRed vFkZ Hkh gS fd lc ca/uksa ls eqDr gks tkuk] laca/ lq/j tkukA blds ckn dfo dfy;ksa ds f[kyus ls jaxkas a vkSj lqxa/ ds iSQy tkus dh ckr djrk gSA ikBd ds le{k ,d fcac mHkjrk gS lkSan;Z vkSj lqxa/ nksuksa dks eglwl djrk gSA (x) ^ckny jkx* 'kh"kZd i<+rs gh gekjs eu&efLr"d esa cknyksa dh xtZu lqukbZ nsus yxrh gSA dfo us cknyksa ds xtZu&rtZu dks kafr vFkkZr~ j.kHksjh dgk gSA ckny ds vkxeu ls izkf.k;ksa vkSj ifjos'k esa tks dksykgy lqukbZ nsrk gS] tks ifjorZu vkrs gSa] mUgs of.kZr fd;k gSA o.kZu bruk l'kDr vkSj ukne; gS fd dfork esa vkjaHk ls var rd ckny dk Loj lqukbZ nsrk jgrk gSA bu lHkh fo'ks"krkvksa ds dkj.k ^ckny jkx* 'kh"kZd gh lcls mi;qDr gSA iz-10 fdlh ,d x|ka'k ds m kj visf{kr gS& (d) izLrqr xn~;ka'k ^HkfDru* ikB ls fy;k x;k gSA bls ^egknsoh oekZ* us fy[kk gSA 1 ([k) HkfDru dk vlyh uke yNfeu FkkA og bl uke dks lcls fNikrh Fkh] D;ksafd bl 2 le`n~f/ &lwpd uke tSlk mlds thou esa dqN Fkk gh ughaA vr% mls uke ij 'keZ eglwl gksrh gksxhA blhfy, og fdlh dks viuk uke ugha crkrh FkhA (x) guqeku th dks lsod&/eZ dks lokZf/d fu"Bk ls fuHkkusokyk jkeHkDr ekuk tkrk gSA 2 egknsoh th HkfDru ds lsok Hkko ls bruh izHkkfor Fkh fd mUgksaus blh ln~xq.k ds dkj.k HkfDru dks guqeku th ds led{k ekukA (?k) y{eh us bZekunkjh ls viuk uke crkus vkSj bl uke dks fNikus dh ckr Li"V :i ls crk nh FkhA vr% mldh daBh&ekyk ns[kdj ysf[kdk us mls ^HkfDru* uke ns MkykA 26 2 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad vFkok (d) izLrqr xn~;ka'k ^ckt+kj n'kZu* ikB ls fy;k x;k gS] bldh jpuk tSusanz th us dh gSA 1 ([k) vkfndky ls gh L=kh dks egRRoiw.kZ ekuk x;k gSA L=kh (iRuh) gh efgek gS vkSj bl efgek dk iz'kald gS mldk ifrA ogh bldh izeq[krk dks izekf.kr dj jgk gSA 2 (x) L=kh dh vkM+ esa ;g lp fNik;k tk jgk gS fd bu egk'k; ds ikl Hkjk gqvk euhcSx 2 gS] iSls dh xehZ gS] ;s bl xehZ ls viuh ,uthZ lkfcr djus ds fy, L=kh dks fiQtwy [kpZ djus nsrs gSaA (?k) la;eh yksx ^ipsZft+ax ikoj* ds uke viuh 'kku ugha fn[kkrsA os /u dks tksM+dj cqn~f/ 2 vkSj la;e ls viuh ikoj cukrs gSaA izlUu jgrs gSa vkSj fi+Qtwy[kpZ ugha djrsA iz-11 dksbZ pkj m kj visf{kr gS & (d) ;fn ge ys[kd ds LFkku ij gksrs rks thth ds rdZ lqudj ogh djrs tks ys[kd us fd;k] 3 D;ksafd rdZ djus ls rks thth 'kk;n gh dqN le> ikrha] mudk fny nq[krk vkSj gekjs izfr mudk ln~Hkko Hkh ?kV tkrkA ys[kd dh Hkk fr ge Hkh thth ds I;kj vkSj ln~Hkko dks [kksuk ugha pkgrsA ;gh dkj.k gS fd cgqr&lh csrqdh ijaijk, gekjs ns'k dks tdM+s gq, gSaA ([k) <ksy dks igyoku us viuk xq# ekuk vkSj ,dyO; dh Hkkafr ges'kk mlh dh vkKk dk 3 vuqdj.k djrk jgkA <ksy dks gh mlus vius csVksa dk xq# cukdj f'k{kk nh fd lnk bldks eku nsukA <ksy ysdj gh og jkt&njckj ls #[klr gqvkA <ksy ctk&ctk dj gh mlus vius v[kkM+s esa cPpksa&yM+dksa dks f'k{kk nh] dq'rh ds xqj fl[kk,A <ksy ls gh mlus xk ookyksa dks Hkh"k.k nq[k esa Hkh lathouh 'kfDr iznku dh FkhA <ksy ds lgkjs gh csVksa dh e`R;q dk nq[k ik p fnu rd fnysjh ls lgu fd;kA vkSj var esa og Hkh ej x;kA ;g lc ns[kdj yxrk gS fd mldk <ksy mlds thou dk lacy] thou lkFkh gh FkkA (x) pkyhZ ,d ifjR;Drk] nwljs ntsZ dh LVst vfHkus=kh ds csVs FksA mUgksus Hk;adj xjhch vkSj ek ds ikxyiu ls la?k"kZ djuk lh[kkA lkezkT;] vkSn~;ksfxd kafr] iw thokn rFkk lkear'kkgh ls ex:j ,d lekt dk frjLdkj lgu fd;kA blh dkj.k eklwe pSfIyu dks tks thou ewY; feys] os djksM+ifr gks tkus ds ckn Hkh var rd muesa jgsA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa us pSfIyu esa HkhM+ dk og cPPk lnk thfor j[kk] tks b'kkjs ls cryk nsrk gS fd jktk Hkh mruk gh uaxk gS] ftruk eSa gw vkSj g l nsrk gSA ;gh og dykdkj gS] ftlus fo"ke ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh fgEer ls dke fy;kA (?k) nksuksa txg ds dLVe vf/dkfj;ksa us lfi+Q;k vkSj mldh ued :ih ln~Hkkouk dk lEeku 3 fd;kA dsoy lEeku ugha] mls ;g Hkh tkudkjh feyh fd muesa ls ,d nsgyh dks viuk 27 3 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad oru ekurs vkSj nwljs <kdk dks viuk oru dgrs gSA mu nksuksa us lfi+Q;k ds izfr iwjk ln~Hkko fn[kk;k] dkuwu dk mYya?ku djds Hkh mls ued ys tkus fn;kA ve`rlj okys lquhy nkl xqIr rks mldk FkSyk mBkdj pys vkSj mlds iqy ikj djus rd ogha ij [kM+s jgsA mu vf/dkfj;ksa us ;g lkfcr dj fn;k fd dksbZ Hkh dkuwu ;k ljgn izse ls ij ugha gSA ( ) dkfynkl vkSj laL r lkfgR; us f'kjh"k dks cgqr dksey ekuk gSA dkfynkl dk dFku fd ^^ina lgsr HkzejL; isyoa f'kjh"k iq"ia u iqu% irf=k.kke~** & f'kjh"k iq"i dsoy HkkSjksa ds inksa dk dksey ncko lgu dj ldrk gS] if{k;ksa dk fcydqy ughaA ysfdu blls gtkjh izlkn n~foosnh lger ugha gSaA mudk fopkj gS fd bls dksey ekuuk Hkwy gSA blds iQy brus et+cwr gksrs gS fd u, iwQyksa ds fudy vkus ij Hkh LFkku ugha NksM+rsA tc rd u, iQy&iRrs feydj] /fd;kdj mUgsa ckgj ugha dj nsrs] rc rd os MVs jgrs gSaA olar ds vkxeu ij tc lkjh ouLFkyh iq"i&i=k ls eeZfjr gksrh jgrh gS] rc Hkh f'kfj"k ds iqjkus iQy cqjh rjg [kM+[kM+krs jgrs gSaA iz-12 dksbZ nks m kj visf{kr gSa & (d) ;|fi ;'kks/j ckcw dh iRuh vius ewy laLdkjksa ls fdlh Hkh rjg vk/qfud ugha gS] ij 3 vc cPpksa dk i{k ysus dh ekr` lqyHk etcwjh us mUgsa vk/qfud cuk fn;k gSA os cPpksa ds lkFk [kq'kh ls le; fcrkuk pkgrh gSaA ;'kks/j ckcw dk le; rk n +rj esa dV tkrk gS] ysfdu mudh iRuh D;k djs\ vr% cPpksa dk lkFk nsuk gh mUgsa vPNk yxrk gSA blds vfrfjDr muds eu esa bl ckr dk Hkh cM+k eyky Fkk fd tc os 'kknh gksdj vkbZ Fkha] rks la;qDr ifjokj esa mu ij cgqr dqN Fkksik x;k vkSj muds ifr ;'kks/j ckcw us dHkh Hkh mudk i{k ugha fy;kA ;qokoLFkk esa gh mUgsa cqf<+;k cuk fn;k x;kA vc rks de&ls&de cPpksa ds lkFk jgdj dqN eu dh dj ysaA ([k) tks yM+ds pkSFkh ikl djds d{kk esa vk,] ys[kd muesa ls xyh ds nks yM+dksa ds flok, 3 vkSj fdlh dks tkurk rd ugha FkkA ftu yM+dksa dks og de vDy vkSj vius ls NksVk le>rk Fkk] mUgha ds lkFk vc mls cSBuk iM+ jgk FkkA og viuh d{kk esa iqjkuk fon~;kFkhZ gksdj Hkh vtuch cudj jg x;kA iqjkus lgikBh rks mls lc rjg ls tkurs le>rs Fks% exj u, yM+dksa us rks mldh /ksrh] mldk xeNk] mldk FkSyk vkfn lc pht+ksa dk et+kd mM+kuk vkjaHk dj fn;kA mlds eu esa ;g nq[k Hkh Fkk fd bruh dksf'k'k djds i<+us dk volj feyk vkSj og ikl ugha gks ldkA blls mlds vkRefo'okl esa Hkh deh vk xbZA (x) ,su dh Mk;jh esa ;qn~/ ihfM+rksa dh ,slh lw{e ihM+kvksa dk lPpk o.kZu gS tSlk vU;=k 3 dgha ugha feyrkA blls ihfM+rksa ds izfr gekjk eu d#.kk vkSj n;k ls Hkj tkrk gSA eu esa fgalk vkSj ;qn~/ ds izfr ?k`.kk dk Hkko vkrk gSA ge lksprs gSa fd ;qn~/] fotsrk vkSj 28 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad ijkftr i{k nksuksa ds fy, gh vk?kkr vkSj ihM+k nsusokyk gksrk gSA thou dh ewyHkwr vko';drkvksa ds fy, Hkh ukxfjdksa ds uUgsa cPpksa dks fdruk HkVduk iM+rk gS] ;g ihM+k dh ijkdk k gSA ;fn ,su ds lkFk ,slk cqjk O;ogkj u gqvk gksrk rks mldh bl rjg vdky e`R;q u gqbZ gksrhA ,su ds ifjokj ds lkFk tSlk gqvk oSlk u tkus fdrus yksxksa ds lkFk gqvk gksxkA eu djrk gS fd os yksx tks ;qn~/ dk dkj.k curs gSa os ,su dh Mk;jh i<+dj mls vius fy, vuqHko djds ns[ksaA iz-13 dksbZ nks m kj visf{kr gSa & (d) dgk tk ldrk gS fd [kqnkbZ esa izkIr /krq vkSj iRFkj dh ewfrZ;ks] a e`n&HkkaM] mu ij fpf=kr 2 euq";] ouLifr vkSj i'kq&if{k;ksa dh Nfo;k ] lqanj eqgjsa] mu ij ckjhdh ls mRdh.kZ vk fr;k ] f[kykSus] ds'k&foU;kl vkSj vkHkw"k.k vkfn ml le; ds yksxksa ds lkSan;Z&cks/ ds ifjpk;d gSaA bl lcls dgha T;knk lkSan;Z&cks/ djkrh gaS ogk dh lq?kM+ fyfiA ;fn xgjkbZ ls lkspsa rks ogk dh izR;sd lq?kM+ ;kstuk Hkh rks lkSan;Z&cks/ dk gh ,d izek.k izLrqr djrh gSaA <dh gqbZ iDdh ukfy;k cukus ds ihNs xanxh ls cpko dk tks mn~ns'; Fkk og Hkh rks ewy :i ls LoPNrk vkSj lkSan;Z dk gh cks/ djkrk gSA vkokl dh lqanj O;oLFkk gks ;k vUu HkaMkj.k] lHkh ds ihNs vizR;{k :i ls lkSan;Z&cks/ dke dj jgk gSA vr% ;g Li"V gS fd fla/q lH;rk esa fdlh Hkh vU; O;oLFkk ls ij lkSan;Z&cks/ gh FkkA ([k) gekjk ys[kd izfrHkk laiUu Fkk] exj <ksj pjkus vkSj [ksr esa ikuh nsus rFkk miys cukus 2 esa viuh lkjh 'kfDr yxk jgk FkkA i<+us dh bPNk Hkhrj&gh&Hkhrj dqycqykrh jgrh FkhA lHkh mls Nksjs dgdj cqykrsA og i'kqvksa dk&lk thou th jgk FkkA tc i<+us dk volj feyk] rks mlus dfork ikB esa ls lcdks ihNs NksM+ fn;kA xf.kr ds loky gy djus esa Hkh mlus iwjh d{kk dks ihNs NksM+ fn;kA lHkh v ;kid mls vkuan dgdj iqdkjrs Fks] mls ekuks viuh Lo;a dh igpku fey xbZA mlds yxk mls ia[k fudy vk, gSaA og og cgqr gh [kq'k jgus yxkA euq"; ds thou esa f'k{kk dk cgqr egRRo gSA f'k{kk ds vHkko esa euq"; i'kq ds leku gksrk gSA bl dgkuh ds dgkuh ds ek ;e ls ys[kd us ;gh lh[k nh gSA (x) bl ikVhZ esa ;'kks/j ckcw dk O;ogkj cM+k vthc yxkA mUgsa ikVhZ baizkij yxh] D;ksafd 2 muds vuqlkj ;s lc vaxzst+ksa ds pkspys FksA viuh iRuh vkSj iq=kh dh M sl baizkij yxh] fOgLdh baizkij yxh] dsd Hkh ugha [kk;k] D;ksafd mlesa vaMk gksrk gSA yM~Mw Hkh ugha [kk;k] D;ksafd 'kke dh iwtk ugha dh FkhA iwtk esa tkdj cSB x, rkfd esgeku pys tk, A mudk ,slk O;ogkj cM+k gh baizkij yx jgk FkkA ;fn os dgha fdlh txg ij Hkh t+jk&lk le>kSrk dj ysrs] rks 'kk;n bruk cqjk u yxrkA 29 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad iz-14 dksbZ ,d m kj visf{kr gS& (d) ,su us viuh Mk;jh esa vusd d"V nsus okyh ckrksa esa lcls ize[ q k vKkrokl dks gh dgk 5 gSA fdlh cLrh esa fNidj jguk cM+k gh dfBu dke gSA 11 vizSy 1944 dh tks ?kVuk ,su us fy[kh gS mlls irk pyrk gS fd os yksx vusd d"Vnk;h fLFkfr;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk lsa/ekjksa ls Hkh la?k"kZ djrs FksA ml fnu jkr lk<+s ukS cts ihVj us ftl izdkj ,su ds firk dks ckgj cqyk;k mlls ,su le> xbZ fd nky esa dqN dkyk gSA lsa/ekjksa us viuk dke 'kq: dj fn;k FkkA blfy, ,su ds firk] feLVj oku nku vkSj ihVj yiddj uhps igq psA ,su] ekxksZV mudh ek vkSj felst oku Mh ij Mjs&lges ls bart+kj djrs jgsA ,d t+ksj ds /ekds dh vkokt+ ls bu yksxksa ds gks'k mM+ x,A uhps xksnke esa lUukVk Fkk vkSj iq#"k yksx ogha lsa/ekjksa ds lkFk la?k"kZ dj jgs FksA Mj ls dk ius ij Hkh ;s yksx 'kkar cus jgsA rdjhcu 15 feuV ckn ,su ds firk lges gq, ij vk, vkSj bu yksxksa ls cfRr;k can djds ij Nr ij pys tkus dks dgk_ vc ;s yksx Mjus dh izfrf ;k trkus dh fLFkfr esa Hkh ugha FksA lhf<+;ksa ds chp okys njokt+s ij rkyk tM+ fn;k x;kA cqddsl can dj fn;k x;k] ukbV ySai ij LosVj Mky fn;k x;kA ihVj vHkh lhf<+;ksa ij gh Fkk fd t+ksj ds nks /ekds lqukbZ fn,A mlus uhps tkdj ns[kk fd xksnke dh rjiQ dk vk/k Hkkx xk;c FkkA og yiddj gkse xkMZ dks pkSdUuk djus HkkxkA feLVj oku us le>nkjh fn[kkrs gq, 'kksj epk;k ^iqfyl! iqfyl* ;g lqudj lsa/ekj Hkkx x, vkSj xksnke ds iQV~Vs fiQj ls yxk fn, x,A ysfdu os dqN gh feuV esa ykSV vk, vkSj fiQj ls rksM+k&iQksM+h 'kq: gks xbZA ml Mjkouh jkr esa cM+h eqf'dy ls iq#"kksa us la?k"kZ djds tku cpkbZA ([k) fla/q&lH;rk dh [kqnkbZ esa feyh vusd oLrqvksa dks vtk;c?kj esa j[kk x;k gSA LFkkuh; vtk;c?kj esa cgqr de oLrqvksa dks j[kk x;k gSA vf/dka'k egRRoiw.kZ pht+sa djkph] ykgkSj] fnYyh vkSj yanu esa gSaA ;ksa vdsys eksgu tknM+ksa dh [kqnkbZ esa fudyh iath r pht+ksa dh la[;k ipkl gt+kj ls T+;knk gS] ftuesa ls izR;sd fla/q lH;rk dh mR "Vrk dh felky gSA dkys Hkwjs fp=k] pkSiM+ dh xksfV;k ] nh;s] eki&rkSy ds iRFkj] rk cs dk vkbZuk] feV~Vh dh cSyxkM+h] vU; dbZ izdkj ds f[kykSus] nks ikVuokyh pDdh] da?kh feV~Vh ds daxu] jax&fcjaxs iRFkj ds gkj vkSj iRFkj ds vkSt+kjA vtk;c?kj esa rSukr pkSdhnkj us crk;k fd igys dqN lksus ds vkHkw"k.k Hkh Fks tks pksjh gks x,A izR;sd oLrq ns[kdj n'kZd gSjr esa iM+ tkrs gSaA dkys iM+ x, xsgw ] rk cs vkSj dk ls ds cjru] eqgjsa] okn~;] pkd ij cus fo'kky e`n HkkaM] vusd fyfi fpg~u lk{kj lH;rk ds izek.k gSaA dq, vkSj pkd ij cus cjruksa ds vfrfjDr lc dqN pkSdksj gS& cfLr;k ] dqaM] pkSiM+] BIisnkj eksgjsa] xksfV;k ] rkSyus ds ckV vkfnA 30 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq lksus dh lqb;k laHkor% d'khnsdkjh ds dke vkrh gksxhA lcls izfln~/ nk<+hokys ujs'k dh ewfrZ ftlds cnu ij vkd"kZd xqydkjhokyk nq'kkyk Hkh gS] dqN gkFkh nk r vkSj rk cs dh lqb;k Hkh feyh gSaA [kqnkbZ esa izkIr urZdh dh ewfrZ vius&vki esa ,d vn~forh; jpuk gSA izfln~/ bfrgldkjksa us bls lalkj dh rRdkyhu lH;rkvksa dh loZJs"B jpuk ekuk gS vkSj dgk gS fd blls mRre vkSj dqN gks gh ugha ldrkA 31 vad vad ;kstuk izfrn'kZ iz'ui=k&2 fganh & osQfUnzd d{kk & ckjgoha le;% 3 ?kaVs iz-la- iw.kk d & 100 m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad [kaM&d iz-1 (d) eueksfguh izd`fr dh xksn esa Hkkjr ns'k clk gqvk gS] ;gk Hkkjrokfl;ksa dks LoxZ osQ leku lq[k dh izkfIr gksrh gSA 1 ([k) Hkkjr dh ufn;ksa dh fo'ks"krk gS fd budk ty ve`re;h gSA vFkkZr~ Hkkkjr dh ufn;ksa esa ty osQ :i esa lq/k dh /kjk cgrh gSA 1 (x) Hkkjr osQ iwQy cgqr gh I;kjs gS] lqUnj gSa rFkk ;s fnu&jkr g lrs jgrs gSaA 1 (?k) txnh'k dk nqykjk ns'k Hkkjr lcls igys bl lalkj esa lH; gksus osQ dkj.k rFkk ;'kLoh cuus osQ dkj.k lalkj dk f'kjksef.k ns'k gSA 1 ( ) 'kh"kZd % eueksfguh izd`fr@izd`fr dh xksn esa clk Hkkjr ns'k@lalkj dk f'kjksef.k ns'kA iz-2 1 (d) Hkkjr ,d Lora=k /eZfujis{k jk"V gSA ;gk vusd /ekZuq;k;h rFkk Hkk"kk&Hkk"kh yksx jgrs gSaA ,d ot] ,d yksdlHkk] ,d jk"V fp rFkk ,d lafo/ku feydj jk"V dk fuekZ.k djrs gSaA 1 ([k) gekjk ns'k tc vaxzstksa osQ vk/hu FkkA rc izR;sd Hkk"kk&Hkk"kh rFkk /eZ dk voyEcu djus okys u ns'k dks Lora=k djus dk iz;Ru fd;k FkkA mUgksaus egkRek xk /h osQ usr`Ro esa pyus okys Lok/hurk vkanksyu esa Hkkx fy;k FkkA blh ifj.kkeLo:i gekjk ns'k 15 vxLr 1947 esa Lora=k gqvk FkkA 1 (x) Hkkjr dh lokZf/d mYys[kuh; fo'ks"krk vusdrk esa ,drk gSA Hkkjr esa fofHkUu /eZ] 1 tkfr rFkk leqnk; osQ yksx jgrs gSaA bu lHkh yksxksa dh cksyh rFkk Hkk"kk Hkh fHkUu gSA ;gk ij dgha mitkmQ Hkwfe gS rks dgha jsfxLrku] dgha m Qps&2 igkM+ gSa rks dgha lery eSnkuA (?k) vk/qfud dky esa nqzrxkeh ;krk;kr cu x, gSa ftlosQ dkj.k ge ,d Hkkx ls nwljs Hkkx esa 'kh?kz gh igq p ldrs gSaA blh dkj.k ns'k dh HkkSxksfyd lhek floqQM+ xbZ izrhr gksrh gSA 1 ( ) lkaLd`frd n`f"V ls lEiw.kZ ns'k esa ,d vn~Hkqr lekurk fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSA lkjs ns'k esa fofHkUu nsoh&nsorkvksa osQ eafnj gSaA bu lc esa izk;% ,d&lh iwtk in~/fr pyrh gSA yksx ozr&R;kSgkjksa dks ekurs gSaA osn] jkek;.k] xhr] vkfn xzaFkksa osQ vuq"Bku gksrs gSaA bLyke rFkk 2 32 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad bZlkb /eZ esa Hkh ,slh lekurk, fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSaA blh dkj.k lkjk ns'k ,d lw=k esa c /k gqvk gSA (p) Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esa <ys izR;sd O;fDr dh viuh igpku gSA bl igpku osQ dkj.k bl ns'k osQ yksx ,d nwljs ls viuk vyx vfLrRo j[krs gSaA fofHkUu izdkj dk jgu&lgu rFkk igukok] ;g lkaLd`frd ,drk bl ns'k dh og 'kfDr gS ftlls bruk cM+k ns'k ,d lw=k esa c /k gqvk gSA ;gh vusdrk esa ,drk gSA lHkh Hkkjrh; bl ij xoZ djrs gSaA 2 (n) 1 egkRek xk /h dk lewpk thou jk"V h; ,drk ls vksr&izksr ,d ToyUr mnkgj.k FkkA muosQ cfynku ,d ,dek=k vk/kj jk"V h; ,drk gh FkkA (t) leLr egkekuoksa] usrkvksa] jktuhfr osQ iafMrksa rFkk egku~ lkfgR;dkjksa dks turk esa Hkkjrh;rk owQV&owQVdj Hkjuh pkfg,A ;gh iz;Ru jk"V h; ,drk esa lgk;d gksxkA 1 (>) ;fn izR;sd Hkkjrh; ladh.kZ fopkj/kjk dk ifjR;kx dj O;kid n`f"Vdks.k viuk ys rHkh gekjh jk"V h; ,drk v{kq..k cuh jg ldrh gSA ;g vkt dh ,d egRoiw.kZ vis{kk gSA ( k) ^rk~* & Lok/hurk] fofo/rk (r) lkaLd`frd & okLro esa lkaLd`frd ,drk us gh Hkkjr dks ,d lw=k esa ck /k gqvk gSA (Fk) vk/qfud & iqjkru vis{kk & mis{kk (n) ^jk"V h; ,drk* [kaM&[k iz-3 fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fuca/ visf{kr gS & 5 (d) Hkwfedk vkSj milagkj 2 ([k) fo"k; oLrq (de ls de rhu izeq[k fcUnqvksa ij foe'kZ) 2 (x) 1 Hkk"kk dh 'kq rk ,oa lexz Hkko iz-4 i=k&ys[ku fdlh ,d fo"k; ij visf{kr gS & 5 (d) izkjaHk ,oa lekiu 2 ([k) izHkkoh izLrqfr 2 (x) 1 mi;qDr Hkk"kk 33 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad iz-5 (v) (d) mYVk fijkfeM&'kSyh esa igys baV ks] e ; esa cksMh rFkk var esa lekpkj gksrk gSA 1 ([k) i=kdkfjrk dh Hkk"kk esa ^chV* dk vFkZ gS & ys[ku o fjiksfV x dk fo'ks"k {ks=kA 1 (x) yksxksa dh ftKklk dh Hkkouk gh i=kdkfjrk dk ewy rRo gSA vFkkZr~ ftKklk dk irk&iy cyorh gksuk gh ewy rRo gSA 1 (?k) iQhpj ,d l`tukRed] lqO;ofLFkr rFkk vkRefu"B ys[ku gS ftldk m s'; ikBdksa dks tkudkjh nsus osQ lkFk euksjatu o f'kf{kr djkuk gksrk gSA tcfd lekpkj esa ikBdksa dks rkRdkfyd ?kVukozQe ls voxr djk;k tkrk gSA 1 ( ) Ng izdkj gSa & D;k] dkSu] dgk ] dc] D;ksa vkSj oSQlsA 1 (vk) (d) ?kVuk dk r';iVu o.kZ 5 ([k) fu"i{k fjiksVZ (x) milagkj iz-6 iQhpj&ys[ku 5 (d) izkjaHk vkSj lekiu 2 ([k) izHkkoh izLrqfr 2 (x) 1 mi;qDr Hkk"kk [kaM&x iz-7 fdlh ,d x|ka'k ds iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft, (2x4) 8 (d) vkRe ifjp; & dfork gfjoa'kjk; cPpu & dfo 2 ([k) vius g`n; ds mn~xkjksa (fopkjksa) dks ysdj ?kwe jgk gw vkSj eu ds migkj fy, ?kwe jgk gSA 2 (x) dfo ds vuqlkj lalkj viw.kZ gS] v/wjk gS vr% og lalkj ds lkFk ?kqyfey ugha ikrkA mlsa lalkj cgqr gh >wBk o cukoVh yxrk gSA 2 (?k) lalkj ds d"Vksa dks lgrs gq, geas ;g ;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd jksdj lgsa ;k g ldj] d"V 2 rks lgus gh gS fiQj D;ksa u g lrs gq, thou fcrk, A 34 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad vFkok (d) dfo&Jh dq oj ukjk;.k dfork&dfork ds cgkus ([k) dfork ds laca/ esa mM+us dk vFkZ gS&dYiuk dh mM+ku vFkkZr~ lksp dh mM+ku] fopkjksa dh mM+ku gh dfork gSA ^f[kyus* 'kCn dks dfork ds vFkZ esa fodkl ls tksM+k tk,xkA dfork fopkjksa vkSj Hkkoksa dh ifjiDork dk uke gSA tc gekjs fopkj fodkl ikrs gS] Hkkoukvksa dk Tokj la;r gks tkrk gS] rc dfork jph tkrh gSA ;gh dfork eas fodkl dk vFkZ gSA (x) ftl izdkj cPps ds lius vlhe gSa] cPpksa ds [ksy dk dksbZ var ugha gS] cPps dh izfrHkk] cPps eas fNih laHkkouk dk dksbZ var ugha gSa_ oSls gh dfork dh dYiuk, vlhe gSa] dfork ds [ksy ;kfu dfork eas fd, tkus okys iz;ksx vlhe gSA dfork izd`fr] euq";] tho] futhZo] dky] bfrgkl] Hkkoh thou vusd fo"k;ksa ij fy[kh tk ldrh gS vFkkZr~ blds [ksy Hkh vlhe gSA dfork eas Hkkoksa vkSj jpukRedrk dk xq.k oSls gh tku iQw d nsrk gS] tSls cPps eas dHkh u Fkdus okyk] lnk dqN&u dqN djus okyk rRo fon~;eku gksrk gSA (?k) ,d iq"i f[kyrk gS] egdrk gS] viuh vksj yksxksa dk ;ku vkdf"kZr djrk gS] ysfdu ,d fuf'pr le; ds ckn mldh vk;q lekIr gks tkrh gS] og eqj>k tkrk gSA dfork eas tks Hkko vkSj fopkj gSa] os lnk&loZnk ;Fkkor cus jgrs gSaA muds eqj>kus dh dksbZ le; lhek ugha gksrhA tSls ^iq"i dh vfHkyk"kk* uked dfork ipkl o"kZ iwoZ fy[kh xbZ Fkh] exj vkt Hkh og mlh Hkko dh O;atuk djrh gSA iz-8 fdlh ,d dkO;a'k ds m kj visf{kr gSa & 6 (d) bl lekt eas ftrus Hkh izdkj ds dke gSa] og lHkh isV dh vkx o'khHkwr gksdj fd, tkrs gSaA ^isV dh vkx* foosd u"V djus okyh gSA bZ'oj dh ik ds vfrfjDr dksbZ bl ij fu;a=k.k ugha ik ldrkA 2 ([k) isV dh vkx Hkxoku jke dh ik ds fcuk ugha cq> ldrh gSA vFkkZr~ jke dh ik gh og ty gS] ftlls bl vkx dk 'keu gks ldrk gSA 2 (x) 2 vFkkZr~ lHkh isV dk xq.k i<+dj dke djrs gSa] lHkh isV dh Hkw[k feVkus ds fy, dke djrs gSaA vFkok (d) jke HkDr guqeku dh cgknqjh o deZBrk dk o.kZu gS rFkk lkFk gh vgadkjh jko.k dh 35 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad grk'kk o nq[k dk o.kZu fd;k gSA ([k) guqeku th dh ohjrk vkSj deZfu"Bk ,slh gS fd os nq[k esa O;kdqy ugha gksrs vkSj g"kZ esa drZO; ugha Hkwyrs] cSBj jksus ds LFkku ij lathouh yk, vkSj dke gksrs gh oSn~; dks ;FkkLFkku igq pk;kA lR; ds i{k esa tks dqN Hkh gksrk gS] og vlR; ds fy, d"V dk dkj.k curk gSA jke dk g"kZ gh jko.k dk 'kksd gSA (x) yacs le; ls lks, gq, HkkbZ dks jko.k vius nq[k vkSj vgadkj ls voxr djok jgk gSA blls Kkr gksrk gSA fd vgadkjh dks lnSo uhpk gh ns[kuk iM+rk gSA iz-9 dksbZ nks m kj visf{kr gSa & (3x2) 6 (d) fd'kksj vkSj ;qok voLFkk* ,d ,slh voLFkk gSA ftleas {kerk vkSj bPNk'kfDr mi+Qku ij gksrh gSA ;s Lo;a viuk y{; fu/kZfjr djrs gSa vkSj mldks ikus dh gj laHko dksf'k'k djrs gSA budh uUgha vk [kksa eas nwj xxu dh pkb;ksa dks ikus ds lius gksrs gSaA MkW , ih ts vCnqy dyke dk dguk gS&^os cPpksa dh vk [kksa eas egk'kfDr Hkkjr dh uhao ns[krs gSa*A vr% gesa cPpksa ls lykg ysuh pkfg,] mudh bPNk ls] mudh {kerk ls ykHk mBkuk pkfg,A cPps gekjk Hkfo"; mTt~oy cukrs gSaA ns'k dh ckxMksj Hkh cPpksa ds gkFkksa esa (;qok oxZ) vk tk,] rks vusd leL;k, lekIr gks tk, xhA 3 ([k) izLrqr dfork dk 'kh"kZd vius&vki esa dfork ds lkjka'k dks lesVs gq, gSA 'kh"kZd i<+dj yxrk gS ekuks fdlh i'kq dks fiatjs esa can djds j[kk x;k gS vkSj n'kZd mls vkSj mldh xfrfof/;k ns[kdj euksjatu djrs jgs gSaA Bhd mlh Hkko ls ;gk ,d vikfgt dh fdlh Hkh Hkko vFkok ekuoh; laosnuk dk ;ku fd, fcuk mls ,d euksjatd dk;Z e dh Hkk fr izLrqr fd;k tk jgk gSA vr% ^dSejs esa can vikfgt* ,d lkFkZd 'kh"kZd gSA 3 (x) ^dkxt+ dk ,d iUuk* vkSj ^[ksr* nksuksa gh l`tu dh Hkwfe gSaA bu nksuksa ds fcuk dfork 3 vkSj f"k&nksuksa deZ ugha gks ldrsA iUuk dfork dh l`tu Hkwfe vkSj Hkkoksa&fopkjksa dh vfHkO;fDr dk vk/kj gSA dkxt+ ds cxSj 'kCnksa dk ys[ku gh laHko ugha gks ldrkA Bhd blh izdkj [ksr ds vHkko esa cht dk jksi.k Hkh laHko ugha] vr% vadqj.k vkSj ikS/s dk fodkl] iQy&iwQy vkfn Hkh ugha gks ldsaxsA tSls "kd fnu&jkr ,d djds iQly rS;kj djrk gS] mlh izdkj dfo dk deZ Hkh dksbZ vklku dke ugha] og Hkh "kd dh Hkk fr fnu&jkr ,d djds dkO; jpuk djrk gSA iz-10 (d) izLrqr xn~;ka'k ^HkfDru* ikB ls fy;k x;k gSA bls ^egknsoh oekZ th* us fy[kk gSA ([k) HkfDru ds firk mls vxk/ izse djrs FksA blh dkj.k foekrk bZ";kZ djrh FkhA mls ;g Mj Fkk fd HkfDru vkbZ rks dgha mlds firk viuh laifRr mlds uke u dj nsaA blh Hk; vkSj n~os"k ds dkj.k foekrk us mls firk dh chekjh dh lwpuk ugha nhA 36 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq (x) yNfeu dh lkl us lkspk fd firk dh ykM+yh yNfeu cgqr jksuk&/ksuk epk,xh] blls ?kj esa vi'kxqu dk c[ksM+k iSQysxkA blh >a>V ls cpus ds fy, mlus yNfeu dks firk dh e`R;q dh lwpuk ugha nhA (?k) vad yNfeu rks mRlkg ls Hkj dj firk ds ?kj vkbZ FkhA Lusgh firk ls feyus dh [kq'kh ls mldk eu iziqQfYyr FkkA ysfdu tSls gh mlus tkuk fd firk dh e`R;q Hkh gks pqdh vkSj mls lwfpr Hkh ugha fd;k x;k] vU;Fkk chekj firk ls fey rks ysrh_ foekrk dh lkjh pky le>rs gh nq[k ls f'kfFky vkSj vieku ls tyrh gqbZ yNfeu ikuh Hkh fcuk fi, gh ykSV xbZZA vFkok (d) izLrqr xn~;ka'k Jh tSusanz us fy[kk gS] bls ^ckt+kj n'kZu* ikB ls fy;k x;k gSA ([k) xn~;ka'k ds vkjaHk esa ckt+kj xzkgd ls dg jgk gS fd vkvks eq>s ywVksA lc Hkwy tkvks] eq>s ns[kksA esjk :i vkSj fdlds fy, gS\ eSa rqEgkjs fy, gw A (x) pkg dk vFkZ gS bPNk] tks ckt+kj ds ewd vkea=k.k ls gesa viuh vksj vkdf"kZr djrh gS vkSj ge Hkhrj eglwl djds lksprs gSa fd vkg! fdruk vf/d gS vkSj esjs ;gk fdruk de gSA blfy, pkg vFkkZr~ vHkkoA (?k) ckt+kj dk pkSd gesa fody] ikxy dj ldrk gSA vlarks"k] r`".kk vkSj bZ";kZ ls ?kk;y euq"; dks lnk ds fy, csdkj dj nsrk gSA iz-11 dksbZ pkj m kj visf{kr gS & (d) xyh&eqgYyk] xk o&'kgj gj txg yksx xjeh ls Hkqu&Hkqu dj =kkfgeke&=kkfgeke dj jgs FksA tsB ekl Hkh viuk rki iQSykdj tk pqdk Fkk vkSj vc rks vk"kk<+ ds Hkh ianzg fnu chr pqds FksA dq, lw[kus yxs Fks] uyksa esa ikuh ugha vkrk FkkA [ksr dh ekVh lw[k&lw[k dj iRFkj gks xbZ FkhA iiM+h iM+ dj vc [ksrksa esa njkjsa iM+ xbZ FkhaA >qylk nsusokyh yw pyrh FkhA <ksj&<axj I;kl ls ej jgs Fks] ij I;kl cq>kus ds fy, ikuh ugha FkkA fu#ik; ls xzkeh.k iwtk ikB esa yxs FksA var esa banj lsuk Hkh fudy iM+h FkhA 3 ([k) yqVV ~ u flag tc tokuh ds tks'k esa vkdj pk n flag uked e ts gq, igyoku dks yydkj cSBk] rks lkjk tu lewg] jktk vkSj igyokuksa dk lewg vkfn dh ;g /kj.kk Fkh fd ;g dPpk fd'kksj ftlus dq'rh dHkh lh[kh ugha gS] igys nk o esa gh <sj gks tk,xkA yqV~Vu flag dh ulksa esa fctyh vkSj eu esa thr dk tT+ck mcky [kk jgk FkkA mls fdlh dh ijokg u FkhA gk ] <ksy dh Fkki esa mls ,d&,d nk o&isap dk ekxZn'kZu t:j fey jgk FkkA mlh Fkki dk vuqlj.k djrs gq, mlus ^'ksj ds cPps* dks [kwc /ks;k] mBk&mBk dj iVdk vkSj gjk fn;kA thr ds fy, lkjh nqfu;k fojks/ esa vkSj ek=k <ksy gh mlds lkFk 3 37 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad FkkA vr% thrdj og lcls igys <ksy ds ikl nkSM+k] mls iz.kke fd;kA (x) pkyhZ dh fi+QYesa cPps&cw<] s+ toku] o;Ldksa lHkh esa leku :i ls yksdfiz; gSA a ;g pSfIyu 3 dk peRdkj gh gS fd mudh fi+QYeksa dks ikxy[kkus ds ejht+ksa] fody efLr"d yksxksa ls ysdj vkbaLVkbu tSls egku izfrHkkokys O;fDr rd ,d Lrj ij dgha vf/d lw{e jlkLokn ds lkFk ns[k ldrs gSaA blfy, ,slk dgk tkrk gS fd gj oxZ esa yksdfiz; bl dykdkj us fi+QYe dyk dks yksdrkaf=kd cuk;k vkSj n'kZdksa dh oxZ rFkk o.kZ O;oLFkk dks rksM+kA dgha&dgha rks HkkSxksfyd lhek] Hkk"kk vkfn ds ca/uksa dks Hkh ikj djus ds dkj.k bUgsa lkoZHkkSfed dykdkj dgk x;k gSA (?k) tc lfi+Q;k us fl[k chch dks ns[kk] rks og gSjku jg xbZA chch dk ogh psgjk Fkk] tSlk lfi+Q;k dh ek dk FkkA fcydqy ogh dn] ogh Hkkjh 'kjhj] ogh NksVh&NksVh pednkj vk [ksa] ftuesa usdh] eqgCcr vkSj jgefnyh dh jks'kuh txexk jgh FkhA psgjk [kqyh fdrkc tSlk FkkA chch us oSlh gh li+Qsn eyey dk nqiV~Vk vks<+ j[kk Fkk] tSlk lfi+Q;k dh vEek eqgjZe esa vks<+k djrh Fkha] blhfy, lfi+Q;k chch dh rjiQ ckj&ckj cM+s I;kj ls ns[kus yxh mldh ek rks cjlksa igys ej pqdh Fkha] ij ;g dkSu\ mldh ek tSlh gS] bruh lekurk dSls gS\ ;gh lkspdj lfi+Q;k muds izfr vkdf"kZr gqbZA 3 ( ) f'kjh"k ds vo/wr :i ds dkj.k ys[kd gtkjh izlkn n~foosnh dks gekjs jk"V firk egkRek xk /h dh ;kn vkrh gSA f'kjh"k r# vo/wr gS] D;ksafd og ckg~; ifjorZu&/wi] o"kkZ] vk /h] yw lc esa 'kkar cuk jgrk gS vkSj iqf"ir iYyfor gksrk jgrk gSA blh izdkj egkRek xk /h Hkh ekj&dkV] vfXunkg] ywV&ikV] [kwu&[kPpj ds coaMj ds chp fLFkj jg lds FksA bl lekurk ds dkj.k ys[kd dh xka/h th dh ;kn vk tkrh gS] ftuds O;fDrRo us lekt dks fl[kk;k fd vkRe cy] 'kkjhfjd cy ls dgha ij dh pht+ gSA vkRek dh 'kfDr gSA tSls f'kjh"k ok;qeaMy ls jl [khapdj bruk dksey] bruk dBksj gks ldk gS] oSls gh egkRek xk /h Hkh dBksj&dksey O;fDrRookys FksA ;g o`{k vkSj og euq"; nksuksa gh vo/wr gSaA 3 iz-12 dksbZ nks m kj visf{kr gSa & (d) ;'kks/j ckcw Mseks V s ckcw FksA os gjfxt+ ;g nqjkxzg ugha djuk pkgrs Fks fd cPps muds dgs dks iRFkj dh ydhj ekusaA vr% cPpksa dks viuh bPNk ls dke djus dh iwjh vkt+knh FkhA ;'kks/j ckcw rks ;g Hkh ekurs Fks fd vkt cPpksa dks muls dgha T+;knk Kku gSA exj ,Dlihfj,al dk dksbZ lClVhV~;wV ugha gksrkA vr% os fliZQ bruk Hkj pkgrs Fks fd cPps tks dqN Hkh djsa] muls iwN t+:j ysaA bl rjg ge ;g dg ldrs gSa fd os Lo;a pkgs ftrus iqjk.kiaFkh Fks] cPpksa dks Lora=k thou thus nsrs FksA 38 3 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq vad ([k) ys[kd i<+uk pkgrk Fkk vkSj mlds firk mls i<+kus ds ctk, mlls [ksr dk dke] i'kq pjkus dk dke djkuk pkgrs FksA firk us viuh bPNk dks ;ku esa j[kdj gh ys[kd dh i<+kbZ NqM+ok nh FkhA blh ckr ls ys[kd cgqr gh ijs'kku jgrk FkkA mldk eu fnu&jkr viuh i<+kbZ tkjh j[kus dh ;kstuk, cukrk jgrk FkkA blh ;kstuk ds vuqlkj ys[kd us viuh ek ls nRrk th jko ljdkj ds ?kj pydj mudh enn ls vius firk dks jkth djus dh ckr dghA ek us ys[kd dk lkFk nsus dh ckr dks rqjar Lohdkj dj fy;kA vius csVs dh i<+kbZ ds ckjs esa og nRrk th jko ls tkdj ckr Hkh djrh gS vkSj ifr ls bl ckr dks fNikus dk vkxzg Hkh djrh gSA blls Li"V gksrk gS fd og ys[kd ds eu+ dh ihM+k dks le>krh FkhA 3 (x) ,su dh Mk;jh fd'kksj eu dh bZekunkj vfHkO;fDr gSA blls irk yxrk gS fd fd'kksjksa dks viuh fpfV~B;ksa vkSj migkjksa ls vf/d yxko gksrk gSA os tks dqN Hkh djuk pkgrs gSa mls cM+s yksx udkjrs jgrs gSa] tSls ,su dk ds'k&foU;kl tks fiQYeh flrkjksa dh udy djds djds cuk;k tkrk FkkA bl voLFkk eas cM+ksa n~okjk ckr&ckr ij deh fudkyh tkrh gS ;k fd'kksjksa dks Vksdk tkrk gSA ;g ckr fd'kksjksa dks cgqr gh ukxokj xqt+jrh gSA fd'kksj cM+ksa dh vis{kk vf/d bZekunkjh ls thrs gSaA bUgsa thus ds fy, lqanj] LoLFk okrkoj.k pkfg,A fd'kksjkoLFkk esa ,su dh Hkkafr ge lHkh vis{kk r vf/d laosnu'khy gks tkrs gSaA iz-13 dksbZ nks m kj visf{kr gSa & (d) fla/q&lH;rk ds 'kgj eksgutkssnM+ksa dh O;oLFkk] lk/u vkSj fu;kstu ds fo"k; esa [kwc ppkZ gqbZ gSA bl ckr ls lHkh izHkkfor gSa fd ogk dh vUu HkaMkj.k O;oLFkk] ty fudklh dh O;oLFkk vR;ar fodflr vkSj ifjiDo FkhA gj fuekZ.k cM+h cqn~f/ekuh ds lkFk fd;k x;k Fkk_ ;g lkspdj fd ;fn fla/q dk ty cLrh rd iSQy Hkh tk, rks de&ls&de uqdlku gksA bu lkjh O;oLFkkvksa ds chp bl lH;rk dh laiUurk dh ckr cgqr gh de gqbZ gSA oLrqr% buesa HkO;rk dk vkMacj gS gh ughaA O;kikfjd O;oLFkkvksa dh tkudkjh feyrh gS] exj lc dqN vko';drkvksa ls gh tqM+k gqvk gS] HkO;rk dk izn'kZu dgha ugha feyrkA laHkor% ogk dh fyfi i<+ yh tkus ds ckn bl fo"k; esa vf/d tkudkjh feysA 2 ([k) bl dgkuh esa ^ih<+h dk varjky* lcls ize[ q k gSA ;gh ewy laon s uk gS D;kaf s d dgkuh esa izR;sd dfBukbZ blfy, vk jgh gS fd ;'kks/j ckcw vius iqjkus laLdkjksa] fu;eksa o dk;nksa ls ca/s jguk pkgrs gSa vkSj mudk ifjokj] muds cPps orZeku esa th jgs gSa tks ,slk dqN xyr Hkh ugha gSA ;fn ;'kks/j ckcw FkksM+s&ls yphys LoHkko ds gks tkrs] rks mUgsa cgqr lq[k feyrk vkSj thou Hkh [kq'kh ls O;rhr djrsA 2 39 iz-la- m kj&ladsr @ ewY;&fcanq (x) vad tc ys[kd dks olar ikfVy ds lkFk nwljs yM+dksa ds loky tk pus dk dke feyk] rc mldh olar ls nksLrh gks xbZA vc ;s nksuksa ,d&nwljs dh lgk;rk ls d{kk ds vusd dke fuiVkus yxsA lHkh v ;kid ys[kd dks ^vkuank* dgdj cqykus yxsA ;g lacks/u Hkh mlds fy, cM+k egRRoiw.kZ FkkA ekuks ikB'kkyk esa vkus ds dkj.k gh mls Lo;a dk uke lquus dks feykA ^vkuank* dh dksbZ igpku cuhA ,d rks olar dh nksLrh] nwljk v ;kidksa dk O;ogkj & bl dkj.k ys[kd dk viuh ikB'kkyk esa fo'okl c<+us yxkA iz-14- dksbZ ,d m kj visf{kr gS & 5 (d) ^vrhr esa ncs ik o* ys[kd ds os vuqHko gaS] tks mUgsa fla/q ?kkVh dh lH;rk ds vo'ks"kksa dks ns[krs le; gq, FksA bl ikB esa vrhr vFkkZr~ Hkwrdky esa cls lqanj lqfu;ksftr uxj esa izos'kdj ys[kd ogk dh ,d&,d pht+ ls viuk ifjp; c<+krk gS] ml lH;rk ds vrhr esa >k ddj ogk ds fuokfl;ksa vkSj f ;kdykiksa dks vuqHko djrk gSA ogk dh ,d&,d LFkwy pht+ ls eq[kkfrc gksrk gqvk ys[kd pfdr jg tkrk gSA os yksx dSls jgrs Fks\ ;g vuqeku vk'p;Ztud FkkA ogk dh lM+dsa] ukfy;k ] Lrwi] lHkkxkj] vUu HkaMkj] fo'kky Lukukxkj] dq, ] dqaM vkSj vuq ku x`g vkfn ds vfrfjDr edkuksa dh lqO;oLFkk ns[kdj ys[kd eglwl djrk gS fd tSls vc Hkh os yksx ogk gSaA mls lM+d ij tkrh gqbZ cSyxkM+h ls #u>qu dh ofu lqukbZ nsrh gSA fdlh [kaMgj esa izos'k djrs gq, mls vrhr ds fuokfl;ksa dh mifLFkfr eglwl gksrh gSA jlksbZ ?kj dh f[kM+dh ls >k dus ij mls ogk id jgs Hkkstu dh xa/ Hkh vkrh gSA ;fn bu yksxksa dh lH;rk u"V u gqbZ gksrh rks ;s ik o izxfr ds iFk ij fujarj c<+ jgs gksrs vkSj vkt Hkkjrh; miegk}hi egk'kfDr cu pqdk gksrkA exj nqHkkZX; ls ;s izxfr dh vksj c<+ jgs lqfu;ksftr ik o vrhr esa gh ncdj jg x,A blfy, ^vrhr esa ncs ik o* 'kh"kZd iw.kZr% lkFkZd vkSj lVhd gSA ([k) ^,su izQSad dh izfrHkk vkSj /S;Z dk ifjp; gesa mldh Mk;jh ls feyrk gSA mlesa fd'kksjkoLFkk dk m[kM+kiu de vkSj lgt 'kkyhurk vf/d FkhA mldh voLFkk esa vU; dksbZ Hkh gksrk rks fopfyr ,oa cspSuh dk vkHkkl nsrkA ,su us vius LoHkko vkSj voLFkk ij fu;a=k.k ik fy;k FkkA og ,d ldkjkRed] ifjiDo vkSj lqy>h gqbZ lksp ds lkFk vkxs c<+ jgh FkhA mlesa deky dh lgu 'kfDr FkhA vusd ckrsa tks mls cqjh yxrh Fkha] mUgsa og 'kkyhu pqIih ds lkFk cM+ksa dk lEeku djus ds fy, lgu dj tkrh FkhA ihVj ds izfr vius varjax Hkkoksa dks Hkh og lgst dj dsoy Mk;jh esa O;Dr djrh FkhA viuh bu Hkkoukvksa dks og fd'kksjkoLFkk esa Hkh ftl ekufld Lrj ls lksprh Fkh og okLro esa ljkguh; gSA ifjoiDo lksp dk gh ifj.kke Fkk fd og vius eu ds Hkko] mn~xkj] fopkj vkfn Mk;jh esa gh O;Dr djrh FkhA ;fn ,su esa ,slh l/h gqbZ ifjiDork u gksrh rks gesa ;qn~/ dky dh ,slh nnZ Hkjh nkLrku i<+us dks ugha fey ldrh FkhA 40

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Additional Info : CBSE Class XII Board Solved Sample / Mock Question Paper 2009 Hindi Core with Answers
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