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CBSE XII Sample / Mock 2012 : POLITICAL SCIENCE with Answers (Paper II)

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SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER II POLITICAL SCIENCE CLASS-XII Max. Marks : 100 Time Allowed : 3 Hours General Instructions 1. All questions are compulsory. 2. Question Nos. 1-10 are of 1 mark each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 20 words each. 3. Question Nos. 11-20 are of 2 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 40 words each. 4. Question Nos. 21-30 are of 4 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 100 words each. 5. Question Nos. 31-35 are of 6 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 150 words each. 1 Correct the following sentence : 1 ASEAN stands for Association of South East African Nations. 2 Fill in the blanks : + Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan from the year ___________ to ____. 3 Why do people migrate? Mention any one reason. 1 4 What is the role of W.T.O.? 1 5 Mention the main objective of Second Five Year Plan. 1 6 Correct the following sentence and re-write: The issue of Jammu and Kashmir was resolved after a plebiscite which confirmed people s desire to join India. 7 1 Which were the two major challenges the country faced during Lal Bahadur Shastri s brief Prime Ministership? + 8 What is the meaning of defection? 1 9 What was the Anti-Arrac Movement? 1 10 Menion any one factor that leads to regionalism. 53 1 11 After the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, in which two ways has India benefitted by continuing her friendship with Russia? 12 1+1 Identify the two founding fathers of NAM from amongst the following: a) Yasser Arafat (b) Nelson Mandela (c) Dr. Sukarno d) Marshal Tito. 13 Explain any two causes that led to the formation of European Union. 14 Mention the full form of (a) SAFTA and (b) SAARC. What was the basic reason for the formation of SAARC? 1+1 + +1 15 What is meant by Human Security? 2 16 Mention any two ideologies of Bhartiya Jan Sangh. 2 17 What is Reorganisation of States? When did it take place? 1+1 18 Mention any two major objectives of Nehru s Foreign Policy. 1+1 19 State any two lessons from regional movements in India. 1+1 20 List any two recommendations of the Mandal Commission. 21 The Non-aligned Movement came into being as an institutional pragmatic 2 response to an era of dangerous rivalry in global affairs. The over-reaching doctrine was that those, who were not super powers or their associates were not entitled to real choices. Our leaders, however, resisted that impulsion and refused to join either of the camps, opting for neutrality as they established the Non-aligned Movement. Read the above passage and answer the following questions: a) Name the global rivalry to which the passage refers to. b) Name the two super powers which were in conflict. c) Mention any two reasons why India decided to join the Non-alignedMovement. 22 Describe any four basic objectives of the ASEAN. 54 1 + 2 1x4 23. Observe the above cartoon and answer the following : 1+1+2 a) Name the two leaders. b) Imagine any two problems they might be discussing. c) Mention the outcome of their discussion. 24 Explain any two reasons which make India s claim stronger for a permanent membership of the Security Council. 25 2+2 U.N. is an indispensable organisation . Do you agree? Give any two arguments in support of your answer. 26 2+2 Explain any two criticisms of globalisation. 2+2 27 55 Look at the above clipping of the Hindustan Times. You will agree that the agricultural conditions of India went from bad to worse in 1960s. In the light of this answer the following questions : 2+2 a) How did India solve her problem of food shortage? b) Is India now sufficient in food production? State the reason for your answers. 28 Study the map given above and answer the following questions: a) Did the Congress maintain the increase in the members in these elections b) Which political party continued to gain seats in all the elections? c) Name the political parties which contested only two of the three elections. 56 1+1+2 29 The era of coalition started in 1977 at the Central Government level and has come to stay in a big way . Explain. 30 4 What is meant by popular movements? Explain the party-based and no-party based movements. 31 2+1+1 India should give up its policy of Non-alignment and align with the United States. Do you agree? Give any three arguments in support of your answer. 2+2+2 OR The transition from Communism to Capitalism was not a smooth one . Comment. 32 6 Explain the increase and decrease in the role of the state activities in the developing countries due to globalisation. 2+2+2 OR Pursuing economic development without causing further damage to the global environment is a major challenge before the States. Suggest any three measures to overcome this problem. 33 List any three factors that helped the Congress to continue to dominate the Indian political scenario for almost three decades after independence. 2+2+2 OR Opposition plays a significant role in a democracy. Did the opposition, in the era of one party dominance, perform its role of highlighting the acts of ommission and commission of the government? Support your answer by giving any three arguments. 34 2+2+2 Analyse any three lessons that were learnt from the Emergency declared in India on 25th June, 1975. 2+2+2 OR Explain any three main outcomes of Lok Sabha elections of 1977. 35 2+2+2 In the midst of severe competition and many conflicts, a consensus appears to have emerged among most of the political parties . In the light of the above statement highlight any three points of consensus. 2+2+2 OR Even after six decades of independence certain issues pertaining to national integration are yet to be resolved . In the light of this statement, explain any three unresolved issues. 2+2+2 57 MARKING SCHEME SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER II POLITICAL SCIENCE CLASS XII 1 Association of South East ASIAN Nations 1 2 Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan from the year 1947 to 1971. 3 People migrate: + (a) In search of better economic opportunities. (b) In case of natural disasters. (c) Political procecution. (Any one) 1 4 World Trade Organization sets the rules for global trade and regulates them. 1 5 The main stress of the Second Five Year Plan was on heavy industries. 1 6 Correct the following sentence : The issue of Jammu and Kashmir was not resolved after a plebicite since no plebicite was held OR The issue of Junagarh was resolved after a plebicite which confirmed people s desire to join India. 7 (a) Whether India s democratic experiment will survive after Nehru. + (b) Serious food crisis presented a grave challenge. (c) The economic implications of the war with China was another challenge. (Any two) 8 Defection means an elected representative leaves the party on whose symbol he/she was elected and joins another party. 9 1 This movement took shape in the rural areas of the Southern State of Andhra Pradesh. In this movement the women demanded a ban on the sale of alchohal in their neighbourhood. 10 1 (a) Regional aspirations lead to regionalism. 1 58 (b) Neglect of a specific part of the State leads to regionalism. (c) Regional imbalances in economic development contributes to regionalism. 11 (Any two) (c) India received support of Russia over Kargil. 1+1=2 (d) Supply of raw material by Russia to India for energy. (e) Russia shared concern related to international terrorism. (f) Russia provided technical assistance to steel plants in Bhilai, Bokaro etc. 12 (Any two) (a) Dr. Sukarno (b) Marshal Tito 1+1=2 13 (a) The collapse of the Soviet block enchanced in the formation of the European Union. 1+1=2 (b) The desire to have a common foreign and security policy and the creation of a single currency played a positive role in the formation of the European Union. (c) In order to have an emphatic and assertive economic, political and diplomatic influence. 14 (Any two) (a) SAFTA : South Asian Free Trade Agreement. + +1 (b) SAARC : South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation. (c) SAARC was established by the States of South Asia in order to recognize the importance of co-operation and friendly relationship among themselves. 15 The idea of global security emerged in the 1990 s in response to the global nature of threats such as global warning, international terrorism, health etc. It is really very difficult for any one country to solve such problems alone. 16 2 Ideologies of Bhartiya Jana Sangh were : (i) Emphasised on one country, one culture and one nation. (ii) A re-union of India and Pakistan into Akhand Bharat. 59 1+1=2 (iii) Replace English with Hindi as the official language. (Any two) 17 The process of nation building did not come to an end with partition and integration of Princely States. In order to draw internal boundaries the Central Government apointed a State Reorganization Commission in 1953. The Commission in its report accepted that the boundaries of the state should reflect the boundaries of different languages. On the basis of the report the State Reorganisation Act was passed in 1956. As a result 14 States and 6 Union Territories were created. 18 1+1=2 Objectives of Nehru s foreign policy 1+1=2 (a) Not to join any of the power-blocks. (b) To preserve the hard-earned sovereignty. (c) To protect territorial integrity. (d) To promote rapid economic development. (Any two) 19 Regional movements are a normal part of democratic politics. The appropriate way to respond to regional movements is through democratic negotiations and not through suppression. Groups and parties from the region need to be given a share in power at the State level and also in the national level decision-making. Regional imbalances in economic development contribute to the feelings of regional discrimination and inter-regional migration. 20 Recommendations of Mandal Commission : 1+1=2 (a) Reservation of 27% seats in educational institutions and government jobs for backward classes. (b) It recommended land reforms to improve the condition of the Other Backward Classes. (c) Backward Classes should be understood to mean backward castes , since many castes other than the Scheduled Castes were treated as low in the caste hierarchy. (Any two) 60 21 (a) The global rivalry refer to arms race among the super powers and their allies. (b) The two super powers refer to United States of America and the Soviet Union. (c) India a peace loving nation had always a perception of a peaceful world and hence joined non-aligned group of nations. India wanted to keep away from military alliances and hence chose the best path of keeping aloof from the racers of arms and ammunition. 22 The basic objectives of ASEAN are : (i) 1x4=4 To accelerate economic growth. (ii) To promote regional peace and stability based on the principles of U.N. Charter. (iii) The respect for national sovereignity is critical to the functioning of ASEAN. (iv) To create a common market and production base within ASEAN States. (v) To encourage negotiations over conflicts in the region. (Any four) 23 (i) The two leaders are General Musharaff and Prime Minister 1+1/2 + +2 Manmohan Singh. (ii) How to improve man to man relationship between both the countries. (iii) How to do away with the Visa formalities between the two nations. (iv) After discussing the various aspects of the above problems, it was decided to have a positive stance To arrange a Secretary level meeting of both the nations. To consider the report of the Secretary level meeting, the ministerial level meeting be held. If the ministers of both the nations approve, a meeting of the two heads of the government be arranged to finalize and formalize the decision for implementation. 61 24 India s claim for a permanent seat at the Security Council : 2+2 (a) India is the World s largest democracy. (b) India has been a very active participant of UN s peace initiatives. (c) India has been very regular in financial contributions and did not falter in its payments. 25 (Any two) Yes, U.N. is regarded as the most important international organization Reasons : (a) It is indispensable and represents the great hope of humanity for peace and progress. (b) As an international organisation the U.N. helps countries co-operate to make better living conditions. (c) It helps members states resolve their problems peacefully. (Any two) 26 Criticisms of globalization : (a) 2+2 Contemporary globalization represents a phase of global capitalism that helps making the rich richer and the poor poorer. (b) The globalisation in political terms is weakening the state. (c) Culturally, the traditional culture will be harmed and people will lose their old age old values and ways. (Any two. Any other relevant criticism) 27 (a) By importing foodgrains from various countries. (b) 2+2=4 Yes, due to the Green Revolution India is now exporting its surplus production. 28 (i) No. (ii) Communist Party of India (CPI). (iii) Praja Socialist Party (PSP) and Ganatantra Parishad (GP). 29 For the first time at the national level the coalition government was formed in 1977. Gradually since 1989 in all the nine governments which were 62 4 formed under the leadership of V.P. Singh (National Front); Chandrashekher (Section of National Front led by Samajwadi Party) and supported by Congress; Narasimha Rao (Congress supported by AIADMK); A.B. Vajpayee (B.J.P. Minority Government); H.D. Deve Gowda (U.F. supported by Congress); I.K. Gujral (U.F. supported by Congress); A.B. Vajpayee (N.D.A. led by BJP) and Manmohan Singh (UPA supported by Leftist Parties supporting from outside) clearly show that coalitions/minority governments have come to stay in India. NDA was formed under the leadership of Shri A.B. Bajpai in coalition with 13 parties. This coalition ruled over the country for complete 5 years tenurse. However, during this period there were quite a few ups and downs. Shri Man Mohan Singh in the election of 2004, formed the UPA coalition government supported by the Left parties from outside. Even the UPA government on certain occasions due to various reasons was shaken. 30 When diverse social groups such as women, students, dalits, farmers etc. are not satisfied with the attitude of the government, they come together under the banner of various social organisations and voice their demands. This gives rise to the popular movements. There are two kinds of popular movements : (a) Party based movements are those which are spearheaded and supported by political parties. (b) On the other hand, in the non-party movements, politically active group lose faith in the democratic institutions and electoral politics. They step out side the party politics and emerge themselves in mass mobilisation for registering their demands and protests. 31 No, I do not agree 2+2+2 (i) Students here need to refer to India s experience under foreign domination of Britain. How NAM was an assertion of its independence and has resolved its interests. India could not be bullied or taken for 63 (ii) NAM is still relevant to democratise the world order. It gives a collective voice to the Third World countries to put their point across in this era of World Trade Organization and globalization. (iii) Non-aligned is not to be taken as neutrality. The member countries worked to prevent wars between countries and tried to end wars by playing a constructive role wherever they had broken out. OR The transition from Communism to Capitalism was not smooth as : (i) It brought ruin to the economies and disaster upon the people of the entire region. (ii) 90% of the state-controlled industries were sold to private individuals and companies. (iii) The value of the rouble declined, inflation was high and people lost their savings. (iv) Old system of social welfare was destroyed and large sections of people were pushed into poverty. (v) The construction of democratic institutions was not given the same attention and priority as the demands of the economy changed. (Any three) 32 This is just a sample answer : (a) 2x3=6 It generates greater economic growth and well being for larger sections of population. This impact of globalization is the most important from India s point of view. More and more of foreign investment with the coming of more multinational companies have strengthened Indian economy giving rise to generation of greater economic growth and well being for larger sections of the population of the third world countries. (b) Power of the State has increased due to enhanced technology. This impact is also important from India s point of view because the spread of internet and computer related services has brought quite a number 64 of developing countries in the fore front in the world market. Increasing demand of computer engineers is an ample proof of it. (c) Globalization has led to flow of ideas across national boundaries. What is important is, that in different parts of the world, the interconnections are now feasible. Events taking place in one part leave an impact on other parts. Natural calamities like Tsunami, bird flue are no longer confined to any particular nation. The idea of transparency in grievances has left a mark on the developing countries. (or any other relevant point) OR Pursuing economic development without damaging global environment : Suggested measures (a) Reduce green house gas emissions. (b) Use of cleaner fuels for vehicles. (c) Encourage use of renewable energy. (d) Use of environmentally sound technology. (e) Ban on forest clearing and encouraging afforestation. To be explained. (Any three or any other relevant measure) 33 Factors for domination of political sessions by the Congress : Provided able leadership to the Indian masses from 1885-1947 Whole-heartedly fought for India s independence and did not worry about the sacrifices. Indian masses were totally impressed by the Congress Party s role. Mahatma Gandhi lived like an ordinary Indian and propagated ideologies of truth, non-violence, swaraj, trusteeship which the people of India thoroughly appreciated. The Congress after India s independence, not only tried to solve the problems but also faced the challenges before the nation. 65 2x3=6 All the above factors forced Indians to elect Congress Party again and again. (Any three) (to be briefly explained) OR It has correctly been pointed out that in every democratic set up opposition is not only necessary but essential. However, the scenario of India in the 1st and the 2nd decade after independence the Congress which inherited the legacy of the national movement won the elections in 1952, 1957 and 1962 by winning 364, 371 and 361 seats in the Lok Sabha. The opposition parties could not even win over 25% of the seats and many of them were earlier members of the Congress Party and they did not unite to act as a strong opposition. Theirs was a divided house. Arguments in support of opposition : 1. The opposition played a crucial role in maintaining the democratic characters of the system and offered principled criticism on the policies and practices of the ruling party. 2. Gradually, these opposition parties became popular and they constantally pressurised and criticised, censured and influenced the ruling party. 3. on different occasions the ruling party used to give due credit to the fluent speaches of the leader of the opposition. Prime Minister Nehru used to call the leaders of the opposition parties and seek their cooperation for solving national problems. 34 Lessons learnt from the emergency : 2x3=6 (i) It is extremely difficult to do away with democracy in India. (ii) It brought out some ambiguities regarding the emergency provision, which have been rectified since then. (iii) It made the people aware and alerts regarding the value of civil liberties. Courts also became active in protecting civil liberties. OR 66 Major outcomes of the 1977 elections : (i) The Janata Party was formed out of a combination of parties. The leadership of Jayaprakash Narayan was accepted. Under the leadership of Jagjivan Ram, some Congress leaders formed the Congress for Democracy which later merged with the Janata Party. The Janata Party called this election as a referendum on the emeregency. (ii) The Congress won only 154 seats in the Lok Sabha. Its share of popular votes fell to less than 35%. The Janata Party and its allies won 330 out of 542 seats. Congress lost from every constitutency in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Haryana. It was a very bigh felt to Congress. (iii) The opposition realised that if non-Congress votes are not divided, they will be able to continue enjoying power. 35 Three elements of consensus are : (a) 2x3=6 A consensus on economic policies : while some are opposed to the changes, majority of the parties agree and support these policies. (b) Most parties accept the political and social claims of the backward classes. Most parties support reservations in education, employment and share of power. (c) The growing role of State level parties, and their growing role in governance of the country. State level parties are playing a central role in the country s politics. (d) In this era of coalition politics, ideology has taken a back seat. Political alliances are based on power sharing arrangements rather than ideological considerations e.g. many members parties of NDA did not agree with Hindutva , yet they formed an alliance with the BJP. (Any three) OR It has been rightly said that quite a few issues relating to the national integration have not been resolved even after 60 years of independence. 67 These are (a) The issue of reservations for women, Backward classes. (b) The citizens don t feel shy of destroying national property. (c) The leadership has not been able to provide food and shelter to majority of the people. (d) Demand for the creation of more States. (e) No doubt judicial activism has come up but speedy justice has not yet seen the light of the day. (to be briefly explained.) (f) The challenges of poverty; illiteracy, communalism, regionalism, castism have not been tackled. 68 Sample Question Paper II: Question-wise Analysis Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Easy = 30 Average = 50 Difficult = 20 Total =100 Marks Form of Question 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 VSA-I VSA-I VSA-I VSA-I VSA-I VSA-I VSA-I VSA-I VSA-I VSA-I VSA-II VSA-II Map VSA-II VSA-II VSA-II VSA-II VSA-II VSA-II VSA-II VSA-II SA SA SA Visual SA SA SA SA Map SA SA SA LA LA LA LA LA 69 Content Unit Group II II III III V V VII VII VIII VIII I I II III III V V VI VIII VIII I II II II III IV V VI VII VIII I IV V VII VIII Estimated Difficulty Level Easy Easy Average Easy Easy Average Easy Easy Easy Easy Easy Easy Average Difficult Easy Easy Easy Average Average Average Difficult Average Easy Average Easy Average Easy Difficult Difficult Average Average Average Average Average Difficult

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