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Definitions in ICSE Physics SN 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Term Force (F=ma, Vector) Contact Force Non-Contact Force Gravitational force 6. Force of gravity or weight Electro static force 7. Magnetic force 8. General character of non-contact force 9. Newton s first law of motion Newton s second law of motion 10. 11. Newton s third law of motion 12. 19. Inertia (SI unit- kg m/s) Linear Momentum (p=mv, vector) One dyne (dyne) One Newton (N) One Kilogram force (9.8 N) One gram force (980 dyne) Moment (vector quantity Newton meter)) Couple 20. Moment of couple 21. Equilibrium 22. Static Equilibrium 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Definition Force, Work, Energy, Power Force is a physical cause that changes or tends to change the shape or size or state of rest or state of motion of a body. Forces that are applied on body by making a physical contact. Forces experienced by bodies without being physically touched. Each particle in the universe attracts each other by a force due to its mass which is called as gravitational force. The force on a body due to earth s attraction towards it s centre is called the Force of gravity or weight of the body. The force between the charges is called Electro static force in which two like charges attracts and two unlike charges repel each other. The force between the magnetic poles is called Magnetic force in which two like poles attracts and two unlike poles repel each other. * Gravitational force is always attract whereas electro static force or magnetic force can be either attract or repel. * The magnitude of non-contact force is inversely proportional to square of distance of separation between two bodies. A body continues to be in state of rest or in state of motion unless an external force is applied to it. Rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the force applied and the change in momentum takes place in the direction of applied force Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Inherent property of a body to resist the change of state of rest or state of motion. It is directly proportional to mass. The momentum of body in linear motion the product of mass and velocity. One dyne is the force applied on a body of mass 1 gram to produce an acceleration of 1 cm/sec square. One Newton is the force applied on a body of mass 1 kilo-gram to produce an acceleration of 1 m/sec square. Force of gravity on a mass of 1 Kg. Force of gravity on a mass of 1 gm. Moment of force is equal to the product of magnitude of force and perpendicular distance of line of action of force from the axis of rotation. Two equal and opposite parallel forces not acting along the same line form a couple. Moment of couple is equal to the product of either force and the perpendicular distance between the line of action of both the forces(couple arm) When a number of forces acting on a body produce no change in state of rest or in state of motion, the body is said to be in equilibrium. When a number of forces acting on a body produce no change in 1
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