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Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal s C.N.M. School & N.D. Parekh Pre-Primary School CLASS X MUST KNOW QUESTIONS 2017 -18 BIOLOGY NOTE-LEARN THE FOLLOWING [HANDOUTS ALREADY GIVEN TO YOU] 1. ALL DEFINITION TERMS 2. LOCATION FUNCTION TERMS 3. ALL STUDY SHEETS 4. WORKSHEETS OF ALL CHAPTERS QUESTION -1 a) Insert the missing word [^] in the following statements. i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) x) xi) xii) xiii) Gene is the specific part of ^ of chromosome which determines the hereditary characteristics. Transpiration is the loss of water in the form of water ^ from the aerial parts of the plant. Antibiotics are ^ substances obtained from microorganisms to kill harmful microorganisms. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from its higher concentration to its lower concentration through a ^. Demography is the statistical study of ^ population. ^ is a condition in which uric acid deposits as crystals in joints. Development of breasts in male and facial hair in female is due to the ^ of ^ hormone and is called ^. Exchange of genetic material between the ^ chromatids of ^ chromosomes during meiosis at a point of intersection called ^. Movement of any molecules (solid, liquid, gas) from ^ concentration to ^ concentration by using energy in the form of ^. Alternate ^ and elastic ^ of the walls of the ^ during ventricular ^ is pulse. ^ is a sheet of fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres to transfer information from one hemisphere to the other. A person with ^ type of blood group can receive blood from all types so that person is called universal recipient. The principle of ^ image is used in motion pictures. b) Complete the second pair on the basis of kind of relationship between first pair: i) ADH: Diabetes insipidus:: Thyroxine-------------------------------------------. ii) Greenhouse effect: Methane:: Ozone layer depletion------------------------. iii) Barrier method: Diaphragm::IUD --------------------. iv) Grana: Photochemical phase:: Stroma -------------------------. v) Antibiotic: Penicillin::Sulpha drug: ------------------------------. vi) Hypoglycemia: Addison s disease:: Hyperglycemia: ------------------------------. vii) Chloroplast: Chlorophyll:: RBC: --------------------------. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 1 of 22 viii) Antiseptic: Mercurochrome :: Disinfectant :------------------. ix) Erythrocyte: Polycythaemia :: Leucocyte:---------------------. x) Kidney: Renal artery :: Liver :--------------------. xi) Smell: Olfactory :: Vision :--------------------. xii) Aldosterone: Mineral metabolism:: Androgens: --------------------. xiii) Diphtheria: Toxoid:: Small pox : --------------------. xiv) Hepatitis: Bile pigments:: Kidney stone : --------------------. xv) Chernobyl: Iodine 131:: Delhi: --------------------. c) Write the full form of following: i) NADP ii) ATP iii) BCG iv) DPT v) NICD vi) RUBP vii) BHC viii) MIC ix) DNA x) GH xi) ACTH xii) FSH xiii) LH xiv) TSH xv) TSHRF xvi) ADH xvii) DDT d) Mention the importance of the following dates: i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) April 7th September 16th May 8th July 11th December 1st June 5th ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 2 of 22 e) Given below are six sets, with four terms each. In each set, one term is odd and cannot be grouped under the category to which the other three belong .Identify the odd one in each set and name the category to which the remaining three belong. The first one has been done for you as an example. Example-constrict pupil, inhibits secretion of saliva, retards heart beat, stimulates secretion of saliva Category-Activities of parasympathetic nervous system Odd one-, inhibit secretion of saliva i) Malleus, ear pinna, incus, stapes ii) Semicircular canal, cochlea, tympanum, utriculus iii) Pentose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous bases, nucleosome iv) Amnion, chorion, placenta, allantois v) Mercurochrome, Bordeaux mixture, cresol ,lime vi) Cell membrane, parchment paper, muslin cloth,Visking bag vii) Aster formation, Centrioles move towards the opposite poles, Chromatids move towards the opposite poles, Nucleolus disappears viii) Thalamus, Medulla oblongata, Hypothalamus, Cerebrum ix) Dilate pupil, Inhibit secretion of saliva, Accelerate heartbeat, Stimulates secretion of saliva x) Optic nerve, Spinal nerve, Auditory nerve, Olfactory nerve xi) Benzoic acid , Lime, Tincture iodine ,Boric acid xii) Lungs, Kidney, Heart, Skin xiii) Leucopenia, Haematuria, Glycosuria, Diuresis xiv) Pituitary gland, Salivary gland, Thyroid gland, Pancreas xv) Choroid, Cochlea, Cornea, Conjunctiva xvi) Regulation of metabolism, Thyroxin secretion, Uterine contraction, Regulation of blood sugar level xvii) TAB vaccine, BCG vaccine, Salk s Vaccine, Vaccine for rabies xviii) Ash, Dust, Sulphur dioxide, Smoke xix) Sewage, Detergents, Oil spill, Brick kilns f) Given below in the box are a set of 12 biological terms which can be matched in to 6 pairs. Of the 6 pairs, one has been done for you as an example. Write out the remaining 5 matching pairs made by you as 1-5. Acetylcholine, Iodine 131 , Bile pigment, neurotransmitter, streptomycin, salvarson, antibiotics, sulpha drug, rhizobium, garden pea, Golgi apparatus, KOH, Hormone secreting cells, Acrosome,CO2,Radioactive pollutant, Bilirubin, Islets of Langerhans Example- Acetylcholine- neurotransmitter g) Given below are five sets of terms each. In each case, rewrite the terms in logical sequence as directed at the end of each statement. for example-Ovulation, Implantation, Fertilization, Parturition, Gestation (sequential order of pregnancy) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 3 of 22 Answer- Ovulation, Fertilization, Implantation, Gestation, parturition i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) x) xi) xii) xiii) Anaphase, telophase, Prophase, Metaphase, Interphase(sequential order of Mitosis) PCT, DCT, Loop of Henle ,Collecting duct ,Malpighian body (sequential order of parts of Nephron) Stoma, Mesophyll cells, Xylem, Sub stomatal space, Intercellular space(loss of water due to stomatal transpiration) Cortical cells, root hair, soil water, endodermis, xylem (entry of water into the vascular bundle from the soil) G1Phase ,karyokinesis,G2 Phase,Cytokinesis,S phase ( Cell cycle) Cornea ,conjunctiva, vitreous humour ,aqueous humour ,retina,lens,pupil(pathway of light enter in to the eye) Antigen, active immunity, pathogen, lymphocyte, production of antibodies.(defense mechanism of the body) Oval window, ear pinna, eardrum, auditory canal, ear ossicles (transfer of sound) Parturition, Ovulation ,implantation, fertilization, gestation (stages during childbirth) Epididymis, urethra, penis, sperm duct, seminiferous tubule(transport of sperm) Cerebellum, diencephalon, cerebrum, medulla oblongata. Kidney, Urethra, Ureter, Urinary bladder, Sphincter (sequential order of parts of Urinary system) Thyroid gland signals pituitary gland, Low thyroxin level in the blood, Pituitary gland signals hypothalamus, Secretion of TSH (Feedback mechanism) h) Complete the following table by filling in the blanks 1 to 7 with the appropriate word/s GLAND SECRETION FUNCTION/EFFECT ON BODY Pituitary 1. Vigorous contraction of uterus Adrenal Adrenalin 2. Thyroid 3. Influences metabolism of cell. Lachrymal 4. Kill the germs 5. Insulin Decreases the sugar level in the blood 6. Prolactin 7. SECTION II QUESTION- 2 a) Give biological /technical terms for the following: i) Bundle of muscle fibres that begins from AVN and extends to inter ventricular septum. ii) Outer most foetal membrane. iii) Branches of fibres of Bundle of HIS. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 4 of 22 iv) v) vi) vii) Process of conversion of many glucose molecules to a starch molecule. A solution in which the relative concentration of water molecules is more than the cell sap. The resistance of our body against diseases. Hormone secreted by pituitary gland which stimulates the secretion of other endocrine glands. viii) The mild chemicals applied on our body to kill germs. ix) The number of people living in a square km area at a given time. x) Twins formed from the division of a single zygote. xi) Removal of starch from the experimental leaf of the plant by keeping it in the dark for 48 hours. xii) The increase in temperature of earth due to green house gases. xiii) The process of focusing the eye at different distances. xiv) The regulation of right concentration of water and salt in the body. xv) The fluid present inside the inner ear. xvi) Extensions from the embryo. xvii) Receptors for touch, pressure of skin due to mechanical change. xviii) Receptors for sound. b) A pure tall plant seeds (TT) is crossed with a pure dwarf plant (tt). i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) Give the phenotypes of F1 progeny. Give the phenotypic ratio of the F2 progeny. Give the phenotypes of the F2 progeny produced upon by the self-pollination of F1 progeny. Give the genotypic ratio and the genotype of F2 generation. Name and explain the law induced by Mendel on the basis of the above observation. State any two applications of Mendel s Laws. QUESTION-3 a) The following diagram represents the female reproductive system of mammal: i) ii) iii) iv) Name the parts numbered 1 to 6. Name the birth canal. The part homologous to male penis in females for sexual stimulation. Give the appropriate terms for each of the following: a) The onset of menstrual cycle in young females. b) The monthly discharge of blood and disintegrated tissues in human female. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 5 of 22 b) Given below is a physiological process in human. Observe the same and answer the following questions: [5] i) Identify parts labelled A & B . ii) Name and define the process shown above. iii) Give the difference between A & the cell without mitochondria. QUESTION -4 a) i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) Answer the following questions: What are the merits of local defense system Mention two causes of sharp rise in World s population. Mention two adaptations of leaves to reduce transpiration. Mention two adaptations of leaves for photosynthesis. Mention two activities of Red Cross. Reasons for sharp rise in India s population. Three activities of WHO. b) Study the diagram given below and answer the following:1 4 2 3 5 6 i) Label the parts 1-6. ii) Mention the function of part labeled 1 and 4. iii) Name the sensory cells present in part 5 for hearing. iv) Name the following related to Ear: a. The part of the Ear concerned with static equilibrium. b. The part of the Ear which converts sound waves to sound vibrations. c. The collective term of tiny bones in the Ear. v) Explain the process of hearing. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 6 of 22 QUESTION -5 a) The diagram given below represents the results of an experiment conducted on two freshly taken leafy shoots of a herbaceous plant. The lower ends of the shoots are dipped in ordinary water and some parts of the stem in both the shoots have been removed. i) What is the aim of the experiment? ii) Some parts of the stem in both the shoots have been removed. Name the conducting tissue in shoot A and in shoot B that have been removed. iii)What are the results in the experiment in set up A and set up B. b) The diagram given below is that of a developing human foetus in the womb. Study the same and then answer the questions that follow: i) ii) iii) iv) v) Name the parts 1 to 5 indicated by guidelines. What term is given to the period of development of the foetus in the womb? How many days does the foetus take to be fully developed? How does the uterus prepares for the reception of zygote. Name the hormone produced by the part labeled 2 . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 7 of 22 QUESTION -6 a) Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow: i) ii) iii) iv) Name the apparatus. What is the use of the above mentioned apparatus? What is the purpose of the reservoir? Mention three limitations of the above apparatus. b) Given below is a diagram depicting a defect of the human eye. Study the same and then answer the questions that follow: i) ii) iii) iv) Name the defect shown in the diagram. Name two possible reasons for this defect of the eye in human beings. Name the parts labeled l to 4. Draw a labeled diagram to show how the above mentioned defect is rectified using an appropriate lens QUESTION -7 a) The diagram below represents the set up at the start of a certain experiment to demonstrate an activity of plants. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 8 of 22 i) ii) iii) iv) v) What is the aim of the experiment? Define the process mentioned in Q.(i) above What do you observe in the experiment as an evidence of the process stated above? What precautions are taken for proper results in the experiment? Mention two advantages of the above process in plants. b) The apparatus shown below was set up for an experiment. After some time the level of the liquid in the vertical section increased: i) ii) iii) iv) v) What process does the experiment demonstrate? Define the above process Why did the level in the vertical tube rise? Explain the change in the above process. Mention two uses of turgidity to the plants QUESTION -8 a) Study the diagram given below and then answer the questions that follow: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 9 of 22 i) ii) iii) iv) Name the region in the kidney where the above structure is present? Name the parts labeled 1, 2, 3 and 4. Name the stages involved in the formation of urine. What is the technical term given to the process occurring in 2 and 3? Briefly describe the process. b) The diagram below represents a surgical sterilization method in males. Study the same and answer the questions that follow: i) ii) iii) iv) v) Name the parts marked A, B, C, D and E. Write the name of the surgical method represented in the diagram. Which part is ligated or cut? Name the corresponding surgical method conducted on females. Name the part which is ligated in females and why? QUESTION -9 a) The diagram shows a section of the human brain. Answer the questions that follow: i) ii) iii) iv) Name the parts labeled 1, 2,3 and 4. Write the main function of each of the parts 1, 2,3 and 4. Name the three protective membranes covering the brain. Name the basic unit of the brain. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 10 of 22 v) How are the brain cells arranged in 1 b) A homozygous Tall plant (T) bearing red coloured (R) flowers is crossed with a homozygous Dwarf plant (t) bearing white flowers (r):a. Give the Phenotype of the F1 generation. b. Give the possible combinations of the gametes that can be obtained from the F1 hybrid. c. Give the phenotypic ratio and phenotype of F2 generation d. Name and state the law related to the above cross. QUESTION -10 a) The diagrams given below show the cross section of two kinds of blood vessels: i) ii) iii) Identify the blood vessels A and B. In each case give a reason to support your answer. Name the parts numbered l and 2. When are the sounds "LUBB and DUP produced during a heartbeat? iv) Name the blood vessel that: a. begins and ends in capillaries. b. supplies blood to the walls of the heart. v) Explain the process of blood clotting. b) The diagram given below represents a stage during mitotic cell division in an animal cell:- i) ii) iii) Identify the stage. Give a reason to support your answer. What is the chromosome number of the cell? Draw a neat, labeled diagram of the cell as it would appear in the next stage. Name the stage. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 11 of 22 QUESTION -11 a) Given below are diagrams of plant cells as seen under the microscope after having been placed in two different solutions: i) What. is the technical term for the condition of: 1. Cell A 2. Cell B? ii) From the solutions given in brackets (water, strong sugar solution, 1% salt solution) name the solution into which: 1. Cell A 2. Cell B was placed before being viewed under the microscope. iii) Under what conditions in the soil will the root hair cell resemble: 1. Cell A 2. Cell B? iv) Name the pressure responsible for the movement of water from the root hair cell to the xylem of the root. How is it set up? v) Name the pressure that helps in the movement of water up the xylem of the root b) The diagram given below represents the human heart in one phase of its functional activities. Study the same and answer the questions that follow: i) ii) iii) iv) Name the phase. Which parts of the heart are contracting in this phase? Give a reason to support your answer. Name the valves that are closed and the valves that are open in this phase. The walls of ventricles are thicker than auricles. Explain. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 12 of 22 QUESTION -12 a) Draw neat labeled diagrams of the following: i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) x) xi) xii) xiii) xiv) xv) xvi) xvii) xviii) xix) xx) xxi) xxii) Chloroplast Duplicated chromosome Malpighian capsule Sperm Neuron Nucleotide DNA All stages of Mitosis Magnified Root hair Stomata Eye Myopia Hypermetropia Internal Ear/Membranous labyrinth Artery/Vein Human urinary system Nephron Structure of Kidney Granulocytes Reflex arc Human blood smear[RBC,WBC,Blood Platelets and plasma] Agranulocytes. QUESTION -13 a) Answer the following questions: a)The diagram given below shows the internal structure of the lamina and midrib of a leaf. Study and answer the questions that follow: i) ii) iii) iv) Is the above section that of an isobilateral or dorsiventral leaf. Give reason for your answer. Name the parts 1 2, 3 and 4 indicated by the guidelines. What is the function of the part labeled 5? Explain how part 5 performs the function mentioned by you. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 13 of 22 b) The figure below is diagrammatic representation for a part of the cross section of the root in the root hair zones. Study the same and answer the questions that follow: i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) Name the parts indicated by guide lines 1 to 5. Draw a labeled diagram of the root hair cell as it would appear if some fertilizer was added to the soil close to it. Name the process responsible for the passage of water molecules through the root hair. What pressure is responsible for the movement of water in the direction indicated by arrows? How is this pressure set up? QUESTION -14 a) Given below is an experimental set up to study a particular process: i) ii) iii) iv) v) Name the physiological process being studied. Define the above process. Write the overall chemical equation for the above process. Name the gas released during the above experiment. How can you test the gas? b) Given below is an experimental set up to study a particular process: [5] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 14 of 22 1) 2) 3) 4) What is the aim of the above experiment? What is the purpose of keeping potassium hydroxide in the conical flask? Write your observation for the leaf inside and outside the conical flask after the iodine test. Write the overall chemical equation of the above process. QUESTION -15 a) The diagram given below represents the spinal cord of a mammal as seen in a transverse section together with the nerves. Observe the same and answer the following questions. [5] i) ii) iii) iv) What does the above diagram depicts. Label the parts numbered 1-6. Which part of neuron is located in part labeled 4. Name B and C. Give one example of each. b) The diagram shown below is a lateral section of a testis of man. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow. [5] 2 1 3 4 i) Label the parts 1 to 4. ii) State the functions of the parts labeled 1 and 2. iii) Name the hormone produced by interstitial cells. iv) Name the accessory glands in males. QUESTION -16 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 15 of 22 (a) Given below is an outline of the human body showing the important glands? Observe the same and answer the questions that follow: [5] 1 2 4 3 5 i) Name the glands marked 1 to 5. 1 ii) Name the hormone secreted by 3 . iii) Give one important function of this hormone. iv) Name the hormone secreted by part 4 . v) Name the hormone secreted by part 5 .Given one important function of this hormone. b) Study the diagram and answer the following questions. [5] (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Identify the above structure. Where is the above structure located. Give the structural difference between B and C. Explain the above mechanism in (ii) QUESTION -17 a) Study the diagram of human heart given below carefully and answer the questions given below. [5] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 16 of 22 A B C G F D E H (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) Label the parts from A to G. Name the artery that carries blood to the lungs. What is meant by double circulation ? What is the normal heart beat of an adult human being? What is considered as the normal level of blood pressure in a normal human adult? b) Given below is a diagram depicting a defect of the human eye. Study the same and then answer the questions that follow: [5] a. b. c. d. Identify the defect. Give two possible reasons for this eye defect. Name the lens used to correct the above mentioned eye defect. Draw a labeled diagram to show how the above mentioned defect is rectified QUESTION -18 a) Identify the diagram given below and answer the following questions: [5] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 17 of 22 A (i) Identify A and B. (ii) Label the parts 1,2 and 3 (iii)Define nucleosome B b) Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) [5] Explain the physiological process being studied What will be observed in the two conical flasks [E and F] after two to three days? Give reason for your answer in [i] above Why is the surface of water covered with oil? State the purpose of setting up E? QUESTION -19 a) The following diagram represents the female reproductive system of mammal: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 18 of 22 a) Label the parts A to D. b) Mention the function of part labelled A and D. c) Define ovulation and fertilization. b) Given below is the diagram of a cell as seen under the microscope after having been placed in a solution: [5] i) ii) iii) iv) What is the technical term used for the state/condition of the cell given above? Give the technical term for the solution in which the cell was placed. Name the parts numbered 1 to 4. Is the cell shown above plant cell or animal cell? Give two reasons in support of your answer as evident from the diagram v) What would you do to bring this cell back to its original condition? QUESTION -20 a) Given below is an experimental set up to study a particular process: i) ii) iii) iv) v) [5] What is the aim of the above experiment? Write your observation for the green and non-green part of the leaf after the iodine test. Give two adaptations in leaves for the above process. Write the overall chemical equation for the above process. Give two examples of plant used for the above experiment. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 19 of 22 b) Given below is a diagrammatic representation of a certain part of the process of circulation of blood in man. Study the same and answer the questions that follow: i) ii) iii) iv) [5] Name the blood vessels labeled A to H Name the blood vessel which carries highest amount of amino acids and urea. Draw the cross section of part labelled E Explain Double circulation . QUESTION -21 a. Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow: [5] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 20 of 22 i) ii) iii) iv) v) Identify the system given in the diagram. Label parts A to F. Name the structural and functional unit of part B. Why urine is yellow in colour? Draw a neat labelled diagram of Malpighian capsule. b) Describe the first aid treatment you would carry out in the following cases: i) A young boy has swallowed poison. ii) Ram is stung by a bee. iii) An old man suffered a heart attack. iv) Shyam fractured his arm. v) A woman has been bitten by a snake. QUESTION -22 a) Given below is the diagram of an experimental set up to study a physiological process in plants. Study the same and then answer the questions that follow: [5] i) ii) iii) iv) What is the colour of dry cobalt chloride paper? Is the experimental leaf a monocot or a dicot? Give a reason to support your answer. Why are glass slides placed over the dry cobalt chloride paper? After about half an hour what change, if any, would you expect to find in the cobalt chloride paper placed on the dorsal and ventral sides of the leaf? Give a reason to support answer. b) The figure shows a type of pollution. Study the same and answer the following: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 21 of 22 i) ii) iii) iv) v) Identify the above type of pollution Define pollution Write two effects of the above pollution Explain biomagnification and Eutrophication. Explain exploitative and sustainable use of resources. ***** ALL THE BEST ***** ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Must Know Questions Biology Page 22 of 22
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