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  ICSE Class X Board Exam 1991 : English Paper 2 (English Literature)

  Caesars ghost appears in front of Brutus which came to tell him that he shall see him at Philippi. He is panic stricken awakes Lucius,Varro and Claudiudps and asks them if they saw the ghost as well and tells Varro and Claudius to go to Cassius and tell him to order his troops to move early before brutuss army. This indicated that Brutus will die at Philippi and indeed Brutus suicides accepting his fate at Philippi. vd2025

  + 5 more by vd2025  

  ICSE Class X Board Exam 1991 : English Paper 2 (English Literature)
  	Portia died cause of impatient of Brutus absence and grief that Octavius and mark Antony had grown so strong Loyal and Supported her husband always. Intelligent-She could understand something was wrong with Brutus. Courageous Her death hasn't moved me vd2025

  ICSE Class X Board Exam 1991 : English Paper 2 (English Literature)
  	Accusing Brutus of wronging him by condemning Lucius Pella for taking bribes of the Sardians and taking his letters which prayed in Lucius' behalf  not seriously. Itching palm ,sell and mart your office's to undeservers Wronging himself by writing in the case of Lucius pella Of calling himself a better soldier than Brutus Refusing to give sums of gold for paying legions vd2025

  ICSE Class X Board Exam 1991 : English Paper 2 (English Literature)
  	Brutus followed stoicism /stoic philosophy  to not let oneself be emotionally aff3cted by misfortunes which may occur by chance or be predestined by fate No ,His wife has died and he will bear sorrow better than any other man for it vd2025

  ICSE Class X Board Exam 1991 : English Paper 2 (English Literature)
  	Brutus tent ,Sardis ,Asia Minor Angry at each other, tense argument, Attacking each other with insults Calm and composed ,Apologise to each other, Reflect on their actions and words, Sorrowful and sad for Portia's death. vd2025

  ICSE Class X Board Exam 1991 : English Paper 2 (English Literature)
  	No person other than the conspirators shall bear the consequences of Caesars murder. The conspirators were declared outlaws the public was out to kill them and set their houses on fire. Later a civil war also broke out vd2025

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)

  i) Differentiate between the following: a) Ferrous sulphate and ferric chloride (Sodium hydroxide solution): Ferrous sulphate (FeSO₄): Produces a dirty green precipitate. Ferric chloride (FeCl₃): Produces a reddish-brown precipitate. b) Acidic and alkaline solutions (Addition of sodium carbonate): Acidic solutions: Effervescence due to release of CO₂ gas. Alkaline solutions: No visible reaction. ii) Draw the electron dot structure for ammonium ion: The ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) has nitrogen in the center with four bonds to hydrogen atoms. It carries a positive charge. iii) Balanced chemical equations: a) Laboratory preparation of ammonia from magnesium nitride: Mg₃N₂ + 6H₂O → 3Mg(OH)₂ + 2NH₃ b) Conversion of ethyl alcohol to ethyl ethanoate: C₂H₅OH + CH₃COOH → CH₃COOC₂H₅ + H₂O c) Complete oxidation of ethane: 2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O iv) Identify the following: a) The oxidizing electrode: Anode. b) The acidic gas produced when sodium sulphide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid: Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S). c) Type of acid that does not produce acidic salts: Monobasic acids.   arnavxii

  + 113 more by arnavxii  

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)

  ii) What will be the effect on the pH on addition of the following? a) Sodium hydroxide solution: The pH will increase as sodium hydroxide is a base. b) An acidic solution: The pH will decrease as it adds H⁺ ions. iii) Which is the most electronegative element in period 2? Fluorine (F). iv) Thermal decomposition of copper carbonate: a) Mass of copper carbonate initially taken: CuCO₃ → CuO + CO₂ Molar mass of CuCO₃ = 63.5 (Cu) + 12 (C) + 3 × 16 (O) = 123.5 g/mol 12.6 g of CuO corresponds to 123.5/79.5 × 12.6 = 19.6 g of CuCO₃. b) Volume of carbon dioxide at STP: 1 mole of CuCO₃ produces 1 mole of CO₂. At STP, 1 mole of CO₂ occupies 22.4 L. Moles of CuCO₃ = 19.6 / 123.5 = 0.159 mol. Volume of CO₂ = 0.159 × 22.4 = 3.56 L. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	a) Metal atoms tend to lose electrons to achieve stable electronic configuration. b) X will form trivalent negative ion/radical. c) Y is an oxidizing agent. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	2H₂O → O₂ + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	To ensure sufficient volume of gas is collected for testing. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	At the cathode arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	b) Hydrogen chloride gas is passed through silver nitrate solution: A white precipitate of silver chloride (AgCl) is formed. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	a) Conc. hydrochloric acid is added to manganese dioxide: Effervescence is observed due to the release of chlorine gas. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	Cryolite (Na₃AlF₆) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	Haematite (Fe₂O₃) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	The heat produced during the exothermic reaction of ammonia oxidation keeps the platinum hot, allowing the reaction to sustain itself. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	This process involves the removal of a carboxyl group (-COOH) from sodium acetate, releasing carbon dioxide and forming an alkane. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	Alkenes are called olefins because they form oily products when reacted with chlorine or bromine. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	ZnSO₄ (Zinc sulphate) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	Magnesium carbonate (MgCO₃) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	Zinc carbonate (ZnCO₃) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	Stainless steel arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	Sulphur dioxide (SO₂): Does not react with moist lead acetate paper. Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S): Reacts with moist lead acetate paper to form a black precipitate of lead sulphide (PbS). arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	SO₃ + H₂SO₄ → H₂S₂O₇ arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	450 - 500°C arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	V₂O₅ (Vanadium pentoxide) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	CH₂Br-CH₂Br + 2KOH(alc) → CH≡CH + 2KBr + 2H₂O arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Karnataka ICSE Schools Association KISA, Bengaluru)
  	CH3-C≡C-CH2-CH3 arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	3Cu + 8HNO₃ → 3Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2NO + 4H₂O arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	Basic arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	By adding more H+ ions arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	adding more OH- ions arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	(i) Propanal   (ii) 2-Methylpropane   (iii) Pentanol arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	(d) Ethane from ethene: C₂H₄ + H₂ → C₂H₆ (in the presence of a Ni catalyst) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	(c) Ethanol from bromoethane: C₂H₅Br + KOH (aq) → C₂H₅OH + KBr arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	(b) Methane from iodomethane: CH₃I + 2[H] → CH₄ + HI (using Zn and HCl as a reducing agent) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	(a) Ethene from bromoethane: C₂H₅Br + alc.KOH → C₂H₄ + HBr arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Bishop Moore Vidyapith (BMVM), Mavelikara, Alappuzha)
  	Acetic Acid arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Hiranandani Foundation School (HFS), Thane)
  	a) Preparation of ethane from sodium propionate: C₂H₅COONa + NaOH → C₂H₆ + Na₂CO₃ b) Reaction of ethanol with acetic acid in presence of conc. sulfuric acid: C₂H₅OH + CH₃COOH → CH₃COOC₂H₅ + H₂O c) Formation of ethane from ethene: C₂H₄ + H₂ → C₂H₆ (in the presence of a catalyst like Ni at 200°C) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Hiranandani Foundation School (HFS), Thane)
  	b) Identify the missing element of this period and write the formula of its sulphide: The missing element is Magnesium (Mg). The formula of its sulphide is MgS. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Hiranandani Foundation School (HFS), Thane)
  	a) Identify the period of the periodic table to which these elements belong: These elements belong to Period 3 of the periodic table. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Hiranandani Foundation School (HFS), Thane)
  	b) Oxidising electrode and reducing electrode (based on the types of ions which get discharged at it): Oxidising electrode (Anode): Positively charged electrode where anions (negative ions) lose electrons and are oxidised. Reducing electrode (Cathode): Negatively charged electrode where cations (positive ions) gain electrons and are reduced. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Hiranandani Foundation School (HFS), Thane)
  	a) Alkanes and Alkenes (based on their general formula): Alkanes: General formula is CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ (saturated hydrocarbons). Alkenes: General formula is CₙH₂ₙ (unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one double bond). arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Hiranandani Foundation School (HFS), Thane)

  a) **Preparation of Lead (II) nitrate**:   Reactants: Lead(II) oxide and dilute nitric acid   Balanced equation:   PbO + 2HNO₃ → Pb(NO₃)₂ + H₂O     b) **Preparation of Iron (III) chloride**:   Reactants: Iron and chlorine   Balanced equation:   2Fe + 3Cl₂ → 2FeCl₃     c) **Preparation of Calcium carbonate**:   Reactants: Calcium chloride and sodium carbonate   Balanced equation:   CaCl₂ + Na₂CO₃ → CaCO₃ + 2NaCl arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Hiranandani Foundation School (HFS), Thane)
  	Cl⁻, NO₃⁻, OH⁻, SO₃²⁻ (increasing ease of oxidation) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	(i) Preparation of methane from sodium acetate: CH₃COONa + NaOH → CH₄ + Na₂CO₃ (ii) Preparation of PbCl₂ from PbO: PbO + 2HCl → PbCl₂ + H₂O (iii) Preparation of ethyl alcohol from bromoethane: C₂H₅Br + KOH → C₂H₅OH + KBr arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	(i) Duralumin: Duralumin is used in the construction of aircraft and automobile parts due to its lightweight and high strength. (ii) Acetylene: Acetylene is used in oxy-acetylene welding and cutting due to its high flame temperature when burned with oxygen. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper

  (i) **Pure acetic acid is called glacial acetic acid**:   Pure acetic acid is called glacial acetic acid because it solidifies into ice-like crystals at temperatures below 16.7°C, resembling a glacier.   (ii) **Concentrated nitric acid appears yellow when it is left for a while in a glass bottle**:   Concentrated nitric acid turns yellow due to the decomposition of nitric acid into nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), a brown gas that dissolves in the acid.   (iii) **Conductivity of dilute hydrochloric acid is greater than that of acetic acid**:   Dilute hydrochloric acid has greater conductivity because it is a strong electrolyte and ionizes completely in water, producing more ions, whereas acetic acid is a weak electrolyte and ionizes only partially. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	Catalyst: Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) Temperature: 450 - 500°C Chemical equation:2SO₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2SO₃ (exothermic reaction) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper

  (i) The cation present in the solution that produces a reddish-brown precipitate on dropwise addition of sodium hydroxide: The cation is Fe³⁺ (Ferric ion). (ii) The particles present in a sugar solution: The particles are sugar molecules. (iii) An alloy of lead used in electric wiring or electrical work in joining metals: The alloy is Solder. (iv) Organic compounds having the same molecular formula but differing in molecular arrangement or structural formula: These compounds are called Isomers. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	A Monobasic acid: HCl   An Acid salt: NaHSO₄   A Hydracid: HCl arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	(i) Zinc blende: ZnS   (ii) Haematite: Fe₂O₃ arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper

  (i) Name the solution X used to react with bauxite as a first step in obtaining pure aluminum oxide in Baeyer's process:   The solution X is sodium hydroxide (NaOH).   (ii) State the reason for the addition of solution X to the bauxite ore:   Sodium hydroxide is added to bauxite to dissolve the amphoteric aluminum oxide present in the ore, forming a soluble compound sodium aluminate (NaAlO₂). The impurities, such as iron oxide and silica, remain insoluble and are removed as a residue.   (iii) Write the equation for the reaction where the aluminum oxide for the electrolytic extraction of aluminum is obtained by heating aluminum hydroxide:   2Al(OH)₃ → Al₂O₃ + 3H₂O     (When aluminum hydroxide is heated, it decomposes into aluminum oxide and water.) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper

  (i) **State the change noticed in the electrolyte**:   The blue color of the copper(II) sulfate solution fades gradually because copper ions (\( \text{Cu}^{2+} \)) are discharged at the cathode.   (ii) **State the observation at the cathode**:   A reddish-brown deposit of copper metal is observed at the cathode as copper ions (\( \text{Cu}^{2+} \)) are reduced to copper.   (iii) **Name the product at the anode**:   The product at the anode is **oxygen gas** due to the oxidation of water molecules.   (iv) **Write the reaction at the cathode**:   \[ \text{Cu}^{2+} (aq) + 2\text{e}^- \rightarrow \text{Cu} (s) \]   Copper ions are reduced to copper metal at the cathode. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper

  (i) **Electronegativity**:   Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself in a covalent bond. It is a dimensionless property and varies across the periodic table, increasing across a period and decreasing down a group.   (ii) **Co-ordinate bond**:   A co-ordinate bond (also called a dative covalent bond) is a type of covalent bond where both electrons in the shared pair come from the same atom. This occurs when one atom donates a lone pair of electrons to another atom or ion that has an empty orbital to accept it. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	The property demonstrated by HCl gas in the fountain experiment is its high solubility in water. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper

  (i) **Ferrous sulphide** → **Direct Combination (c)**   Ferrous sulphide is prepared by the direct combination of iron and sulfur.   (ii) **Zinc sulphate** → **Displacement (a)**   Zinc sulphate is commonly prepared by displacing it from a solution using a reactive metal or reaction with sulfuric acid.   (iii) **Sodium sulphate** → **Neutralisation (b)**   Sodium sulphate is prepared by neutralising sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	Catenation in carbon is the phenomenon where carbon atoms bond with one another to form stable chains or rings of varying lengths and complexities. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper

  (i) **Which element X or Y will have more ionisation potential?**   Element **Y** will have more ionisation potential because it has an atomic number of 17 (chlorine), which is a non-metal. Non-metals generally have higher ionisation energy as they hold onto their electrons more tightly compared to metals like element X (potassium, with an atomic number of 19).   (ii) **State the type of bonding between X and Y.**   The bonding between X and Y is **ionic bonding** because X (potassium) is a metal that loses an electron to form \( K^+ \), and Y (chlorine) is a non-metal that gains an electron to form \( Cl^- \). This transfer of electrons results in an electrostatic attraction.   (iii) **Comment on the melting/boiling point of the compound formed between X and Y.**   The compound formed between X and Y will have a **high melting and boiling point** because ionic compounds have strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions, which require a significant amount of energy to break. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper

  (i) Sodium sulphate and sodium sulphite: - Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the sample. - Sodium sulphite will produce sulfur dioxide gas with a pungent smell, while sodium sulphate will not produce any gas. - To confirm the presence of sulfur dioxide, pass the gas through lime water. Lime water turns milky if sulfur dioxide is present. (ii) Lead nitrate and Copper(II) nitrate: - Add potassium iodide solution to the sample. - Lead nitrate produces a bright yellow precipitate of lead iodide, while Copper(II) nitrate does not. - Copper(II) nitrate gives a characteristic blue solution due to copper ions, whereas lead nitrate does not. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	i) Roasting ii) Electron Affinity iii) Methylated Spirit iV) Base v) Mole arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	2HCl + Pb(NO₃)₂ → PbCl₂ ↓ + 2HNO₃ Explanation: Lead chloride precipitates out of the solution. Reaction at the anode: Cu → Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ Reaction at the cathode: Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu Explanation: Copper is deposited at the cathode, and the concentration of copper ions remains constant. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Gundecha Education Academy, Mumbai) : Chemistry Prelim paper
  	d arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	C arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	a arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	R - cryolite T - flourspar U - alumina V - molten aluminum  W - graphite electrode X - carbon lining Y - steel cathode arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Hall's Process arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	H-C-C-C-O-H: Answer: Propanol. H-C=C-C-H: Answer: Propyne. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	1-Propanal: Structure: H-C-H | H-C-H | H-C=O 1,2-Dichloroethane: Structure: Cl-CH2_22​-CH2_22​-Cl. But-2-ene: Structure: H-C=C-H | | H H arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)

  (a) A salt formed by the complete neutralization of an acid by a base: Answer: Normal salt (e.g., NaCl). (b) A reaction in which hydrogen of an alkane is replaced by a halogen: Answer: Substitution reaction. (c) The family of elements to which chlorine belongs: Answer: Halogens (Group 17 elements). (d) The process of separation of ions already present in the ionic compound: Answer: Dissociation. (e) The number of atoms present in one molecule of that element: Answer: It refers to the atomicity (e.g., O2_22​ = 2, N2_22​ = 2). arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	Alkali Metal in Period 3 and Group 1: Alkali metals belong to Group 1. In Period 3, the alkali metal is Sodium ($\text{Na}$). Correct Answer: (c) Sodium. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	Catalyst Used in the Contact Process: The Contact Process is used to produce sulphuric acid. The catalyst used is Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5\text{V}_2\text{O}_5V2​O5​). Correct Answer: (c) Vanadium pentoxide. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	Gas Formed When Carbon Reacts with Concentrated Sulphuric Acid: Concentrated sulphuric acid acts as a strong oxidizing agent. It oxidizes carbon, producing sulphur dioxide (SO2\text{SO}_2SO2​) as a by-product. Correct Answer: (b) Sulphur dioxide. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	Gas Formed When Carbon Reacts with Concentrated Sulphuric Acid: Concentrated sulphuric acid acts as an oxidizing agent. Carbon is oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO2\text{CO}_2CO2​) or sometimes carbon monoxide, but oxygen is not directly formed in this reaction. Correct Answer: (b) Sulphur dioxide. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	Functional Group in Methanol (CH3OH\text{CH}_3\text{OH}CH3​OH): The functional group is the hydroxyl group ($-OH$). Correct Answer: (b) -OH. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	Properties of Nitric Acid (HNO3\text{HNO}_3HNO3​): (a) It is not a reducing agent; it is an oxidizing agent. (b) It is a strong oxidizing agent. (c) It is unstable to heat, decomposing into nitrogen oxides and oxygen. (d) It does not liberate sulphur dioxide (SO2\text{SO}_2SO2​) when treated with potassium sulphite. Correct Answer: (a) It is a strong reducing agent (NOT true). arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	Element Forming Basic Oxides: Basic oxides are formed by metals. Atomic number options: 5 (Boron): Forms acidic or amphoteric oxides. 17 (Chlorine): Forms acidic oxides. 10 (Neon): Inert, forms no oxides. 13 (Aluminum): Can form basic or amphoteric oxides. Correct Answer: (d) 13. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	Observation of Zinc in Copper Sulphate Solution: Zinc displaces copper from copper sulphate (CuSO4\text{CuSO}_4CuSO4​) solution, forming zinc sulphate (ZnSO4\text{ZnSO}_4ZnSO4​). The displaced copper appears as a reddish-brown deposit. Correct Answer: (c) Reddish brown. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	Reaction of Cane Sugar with Concentrated Sulphuric Acid: Concentrated H2_22​SO4_44​ acts as a dehydrating agent, removing water (H2_22​O) from sugar to leave behind carbon (sugar charcoal). Correct Answer: (c) Dehydration. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)

  Reaction of HCl gas with Litmus Paper: HCl gas is acidic in nature. Red litmus paper remains red, and blue litmus paper turns red. Observation Analysis: W: Red litmus turns blue → Incorrect. X: Red litmus remains red, blue litmus remains blue → Incorrect. Y: Red litmus remains red, blue litmus turns red → Correct. Z: Red litmus turns blue, blue litmus turns red → Incorrect. Correct Answer: (c) Y. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)

  Analysis: Number of moles = Mass / Molar Mass. P: Moles of oxygen in 16 g = 1616=1\frac{16}{16} = 11616​=1 mole. Moles of helium in 4 g = 44=1\frac{4}{4} = 144​=1 mole. Each mole contains the same number of atoms (Avogadro's number), so P is false. Q: Moles of oxygen in 16 g = 1 mole. Moles of sulphur in 32 g = 3232=1\frac{32}{32} = 13232​=1 mole. Both have the same number of atoms, so Q is false. Correct Answer: (d) Neither P nor Q. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	(d) Ammonium chloride. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Pranavananda Vidyamandir, Durgapur)
  	(c) Q and S. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	(a) Empirical formula of X: Carbon = 85.7%, Hydrogen = $100-85.7=14.3\%$. C : H ratio=85.712:14.31=7.14:14.3=1:2\text{C : H ratio} = \frac{85.7}{12} : \frac{14.3}{1} = 7.14 : 14.3 = 1 : 2C : H ratio=1285.7​:114.3​=7.14:14.3=1:2 Empirical formula = CH2CH_2CH2​. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Washing soda: Na2CO3⋅10H2ONa_2CO_3 \cdot 10H_2ONa2​CO3​⋅10H2​O Molecular weight = $(23\times 2)+12+(16\times 3)+[10\times (2+16)]=286\text{g/mol}$ Oxygen's contribution = $(3\times 16)+(10\times 16)=208\text{g}$ Percentage of oxygen = 208286×100=72.73%\frac{208}{286} \times 100 = 72.73\%286208​×100=72.73%. Answer: 72.73% arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	(i) Hydrochloric acid + black solid B → A: Cu+2HCl→CuCl2+H2Cu + 2HCl --> CuCl_2 + H_2Cu+2HCl→CuCl2​+H2​ (ii) E + D + H₂O → Acidic solution: SO2+Cl2+2H2O→H2SO4+2HClSO_2 + Cl_2 + 2H_2O--> H_2SO_4 + 2HClSO2​+Cl2​+2H2​O→H2​SO4​+2HCl (iii) HCl + sodium sulphite → E: Na2SO3+2HCl→2NaCl+SO2+H2ONa_2SO_3 + 2HCl -->2NaCl + SO_2 + H_2ONa2​SO3​+2HCl→2NaCl+SO2​+H2​O arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	A: Copper(II) chloride (blue-green solution). B: Copper (black solid). C: Sulfur (solid). D: Chlorine (yellow-green gas). E: Sulfur dioxide (colourless gas). arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	. ii) 2-Methylpropene iv) Trichloroacetic acid arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	. Name: 3-Methyl-3-ethyl-2-butanol   iii) 3-Hexyne arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Volume of carbon dioxide formed: 600 cc Volume of unused oxygen: 150 cc arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)

  The reaction for the combustion of ethane is: C2H6+72O2→2CO2+3H2OC_2H_6 + \frac{7}{2} O_2 \rightarrow 2 CO_2 + 3 H_2OC2​H6​+27​O2​→2CO2​+3H2​O Step 1: Determine the volume ratio From the equation: 1 volume of ethane reacts with 72\frac{7}{2}27​ volumes of oxygen to produce 2 volumes of carbon dioxide. Step 2: Calculate oxygen required for 300 cc of ethane Oxygen required=300 cc×72=1050 cc\text{Oxygen required} = 300 \, \text{cc} \times \frac{7}{2} = 1050 \, \text{cc}Oxygen required=300cc×27​=1050cc Step 3: Compare oxygen supplied and calculate unused oxygen Oxygen supplied = 1200 cc. Oxygen used = 1050 cc. $$\text{Unused oxygen}=1200-1050=150\text{cc}$$ Step 4: Calculate volume of carbon dioxide produced From the reaction, 1 volume of ethane produces 2 volumes of carbon dioxide: $$\text{Carbon dioxide produced}=300\text{cc}\times 2=600\text{cc}$$ arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	P < Cl < Mg. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Ethyne < Methane < Ethane. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Answer: Acetic acid < Distilled water < Liquor ammonia < Caustic soda. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Answer: Methane < Hydrogen chloride < Ammonia < Water. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Answer: He < Ne < Ar < Kr. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Dibasic acid (e.g., sulfuric acid). arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Answer: Hydrocarbon (e.g., methane or ethane).   arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Answer: Normal salt. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Answer: Catenation. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Answer: Electron affinity. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Barium nitrate reacts with sodium sulfate to form barium sulfate. Corrected Statement: Barium nitrate reacts with sodium sulfate to form a precipitate of barium sulfate. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Hydrochloric acid is prepared by the funnel arrangement method. Corrected Statement: Hydrochloric acid is prepared by dissolving hydrogen chloride gas in water using the funnel arrangement method. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Hydrogen chloride fumes in air. Corrected Statement: Hydrogen chloride fumes in moist air. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Ammonia is oxidized to nitric oxide. Corrected Statement: Ammonia is oxidized to nitric oxide in the presence of a platinum catalyst. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	The electrolysis of lead bromide liberates lead and bromine. Corrected Statement: The electrolysis of molten lead bromide liberates lead at the cathode and bromine at the anode. arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Metallic character increases down a group and decreases across a period (left to right in the periodic table). Elements: Cl < Si < Al < Mg < Na Answer: (iii) Cl < Si < Al < Mg < Na arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)

  2 gram atoms of nitrogen: Molar mass of nitrogen = 14 g/mol. Therefore, 2 gram atoms = $2\times 14=28\text{g}$. 1 mole of silver: Molar mass of silver = 108 g. 22.4 litres of oxygen gas at 1 atm and 273K: At STP, 1 mole of oxygen gas weighs $32\text{g}$. 6.023 × 102310^{23}1023 atoms of carbon: 1 mole of carbon atoms weighs $12\text{g}$. Answer: (iv) 6.023 × 102310^{23}1023 atoms of carbon (12 g is the least). arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	(A) Higher pH, stronger the acid – Incorrect. Higher pH means weaker acid. (B) Higher pH, weaker the acid – Correct. (C) Lower pH, stronger the base – Incorrect. Lower pH means stronger acid. (D) Lower pH, weaker the base – Correct. Answer: (iii) (B) and (D) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	(i) Hematite arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Molar mass of MSO₄ = 24 (M) + 32 (S) + 4×16 (O) = 120 g/mol. Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol. Mass of water = $12.3-6.0=6.3$ g. Number of water molecules = $6.3/18=0.35\text{mol}$. $x=6.3/18=4$. Answer: (ii) 4 arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	(i) Graphite arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Brass - Copper and zinc. Steel - Iron and carbon. Solder - Tin and lead. Duralumin - Copper and aluminum. Answer: (iv) Duralumin arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	Empirical formula weight = molecular weight/2. Since vapor density = empirical formula weight, the molecular formula is EF₄. Answer: (iv) EF₄ arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	(iv) C₂H₄ arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	(ii) Dehydration   - Elimination reaction (not addition) arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	A3+: Lost 3 electrons; originally had 5 outermost electrons. B−1B^{-1}B−1: Gained 1 electron; originally had 7 outermost electrons. Answer: (iii) 3, 7 arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	(iii) Zinc chloride arnavxii

  ICSE Class X Prelims 2024 : Chemistry (Garden High School, Kolkata)
  	(iv) Aqueous acetic acid arnavxii

  GATE 2009 : Geology And Geophysics
  	option a , first melt will be at peritectic point P  gautamd1223

  + 1 more by gautamd1223  

  GATE 2009 : Geology And Geophysics
  	Option B Harzburgite accoding to given mineral %  gautamd1223

  Vestibulinho Exam 2024 : ETEC
  	C) paronomásia no excerto “tanta insânia e tanta insônia”, verso 12, pois se aproximam termos com sons semelhantes e sentidos diferentes. Este trecho mostra jogo sonoro entre as palavras, caracterizando a paronomásia. belieber_not

  + 1 more by belieber_not  

  Vestibulinho Exam 2024 : ETEC
  	C) dependem de oxigênio, que é usado na oxidação de moléculas orgânicas, como a glicose, a fim de obter energia. Todos os vertebrados mencionados são dependentes do oxigênio para suas funções metabólicas. belieber_not

  Vestibulinho Exam 2024 : ETEC
  	C) os dois-pontos, utilizados nos versos 4 e 9, introduzem uma justificativa para os fatos apresentados. Essa afirmação é correta pois os dois-pontos são usados para elucidar os problemas destacados na canção. sitar_player

  Vestibulinho Exam 2024 : ETEC
  	D) a Amazônia é alvo de exploração pelo caráter único de suas riquezas, ação facilitada pela ausência de medidas efetivas de proteção. Essa opção reflete a crítica à falta de proteção e à exploração da Amazônia destacada na canção. soniya7

  Vestibulinho Exam 2024 : ETEC

  D. árvores de médio e grande porte, com folhas largas e perenes; vários tipos de flores e frutos; além de diversos tipos de arbustos, trepadeiras, cipós e planta epífitas. O Bioma Amazônia se caracteriza principalmente por sua floresta tropical úmida, que apresenta: - Árvores de médio e grande porte, algumas chegando a mais de 50 metros de altura - Folhas largas e perenes, adaptadas para captar luz e realizar fotossíntese o ano todo - Grande variedade de espécies de flores e frutos - Abundância de arbustos no sub-bosque - Presença marcante de trepadeiras e cipós - Diversidade de plantas epífitas, como bromélias e orquídeas Essa estrutura complexa e diversificada é típica das florestas tropicais úmidas, como a Amazônia. kinglear

  + 1 more by kinglear  

  Vestibulinho Exam 2024 : ETEC
  	B. os estados da Região Norte do Brasil estão totalmente inseridos na Amazônia Legal. A imagem mostra um mapa da Amazônia Legal, que inclui todos os estados da Região Norte do Brasil (Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima e Tocantins). Esses estados estão completamente dentro dos limites da Amazônia Legal, conforme indicado no mapa. kinglear

  Vestibulinho Exam 2024 : ETEC

  B. mata de igapó, mata de várzea e mata de terra firme. A Floresta Amazônica é subdividida em três principais estratos: 1. Mata de igapó: Florestas permanentemente alagadas. 2. Mata de várzea: Florestas periodicamente inundadas. 3. Mata de terra firme: Florestas não inundáveis, que ocupam terrenos mais elevados. Cada um desses estratos possui características distintas em termos de vegetação e adaptação às condições hidrológicas. pandurang2

  + 1 more by pandurang2  

  Vestibulinho Exam 2024 : ETEC
  	C. engloba a maior parte do Bioma Amazônia. A Amazônia Legal é uma área administrativa que engloba a maior parte do Bioma Amazônia no Brasil, além de partes de outros biomas. Ela se estende além dos limites naturais da floresta amazônica, incluindo áreas dos estados do Maranhão, Tocantins e Mato Grosso, que não estão totalmente cobertos pelo bioma amazônico. pandurang2

  Vestibulinho Exam 2024 : ETEC
  	B. The Amazon rainforest is stratified into three main layers based on the water level and the type of vegetation that can grow there. These layers are igapó (flooded forest), várzea (seasonally flooded forest), and terra firme (upland forest). The other options list different biomes or vegetation types that are not specifically part of the Amazon's vertical stratification. leenah

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